Partially Hydrolyzed Guar Gum Alleviates Small Intestinal Mucosal Damage after Massive Small Bowel Resection along with Changes in the Intestinal Microbiota

Space: StayCurrentMD Author: Takayuki Fujii, Yoichi Chiba, Haruyuki Nakayama-Imaohji, Shun Onishi, Aya Tanaka, Hiroto Katami, Tatsuru Kaji, Satoshi Ieiri, Takanori Miki, Masaki Ueno, Tomomi Kuwahara, Ryuichi Shimono Published: 2019-09-09

Author / Expert

Takayuki Fujii, Yoichi Chiba, Haruyuki Nakayama-Imaohji, Shun Onishi, Aya Tanaka, Hiroto Katami, Tatsuru Kaji, Satoshi Ieiri, Takanori Miki, Masaki Ueno, Tomomi Kuwahara, Ryuichi Shimono

Topic overview

Abstract

Purpose

Short bowel syndrome is associated with intestinal mucosal inflammation and microbial dysbiosis, leading to intractable complications. Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG) has trophic and anti-inflammatory effects on the intestine. We investigated whether PHGG ameliorates small intestinal mucosal damage and alters the intestinal microbiota using a rat small bowel resection (SBR) model.

Methods

Sprague Dawley rats were divided into sham operation (Sham), Sham/PHGG, SBR, and SBR/PHGG groups. On day 21, all rats were euthanized. To assess small intestinal mucosal damage, the degeneration rate was morphometrically evaluated and immunohistochemically examined using anti-CD45 antibodies. Analyses of fecal microbiota using 16S rRNA and short-chain fatty acid production were also performed.

Results

The mucosal degeneration rate was significantly higher in the SBR group than in the Sham or SBR/PHGG groups. The number of CD45-positive cells was significantly higher in the SBR group than in the Sham, Sham/PHGG, or SBR/PHGG groups. The relative abundance of family Lachnospiraceae was significantly higher in the SBR/PHGG group than in the SBR group.

Conclusions

PHGG administration alleviated small intestinal mucosal damage which could be associated with modulation of the intestinal microbiota.