Cryptorchidism, gonocyte development, and the risks of germ cell malignancy and infertility: A systematic review

Systematic review examining how abnormal gonocyte development during minipuberty (2-6 months in humans) may explain both infertility and testicular cancer risks in cryptorchidism. Evidence suggests arrested gonocyte transformation during this critical developmental window, rather than the undescended position itself, drives long-term complications in men with undescended testis.