Outcomes of ultraminipercutaneous nephrolithotomy in infants: our experiences at a single center in an endemic region

This single-center study demonstrates that ultra-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy is safe and effective for treating large kidney stones (≥2cm) in infants under 24 months, achieving 88.5% stone-free rates with minimal complications. The technique offers high success rates and low morbidity when performed by experienced surgeons in specialized centers.