Development of a 3D-printed neonatal congenital diaphragmatic hernia model and standardisation of intra-operative measurement

Researchers developed 3D-printed simulation models for neonatal CDH repair using fetal MRI data, enabling standardized training for both open and thoracoscopic approaches. Testing with 52 surgeons showed reliable measurement of diaphragmatic defects regardless of experience level or surgical approach, with mean errors of 3-4mm.