Age-dependent early complications of hypospadias repair: a single institutional experience

This retrospective study of 98 hypospadias patients found that children over 2 years had significantly higher early complication rates (11%) compared to younger children (0%), including dislodged stents, urinary retention, and need for suprapubic catheter placement. The findings suggest older children require enhanced post-operative protocols including stricter parental education and more robust stent anchorage.