Musculoskeletal deformities in children with congenital thoracic malformations: a population-based cohort study

Population-based cohort study of 167 children demonstrates that congenital diaphragmatic hernia and esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula patients have significantly increased risk of scoliosis and pectus deformities compared to controls, while congenital lung lesion patients do not. Findings suggest musculoskeletal deformities are congenital rather than surgery-related.