Mortality, Risk Factors and Disparities Associated with Esophageal Variceal Bleeding in Children's Hospitals in the US

Retrospective study of 1,902 pediatric patients across 50 US children's hospitals reveals 8.8% six-week mortality from esophageal variceal bleeding, with significant racial disparities—Black and Hispanic children face 2-3x higher mortality risk. Complications including bacteremia, renal failure, and need for mechanical ventilation substantially increase death risk.