Cysto-Vaginoscopy of a 3D-Printed Cloaca Model: A Step toward Personalized Noninvasive Preoperative Assessment in Patients with Complex Anorectal Malformations

Study validates patient-specific 3D-printed models for preoperative assessment of cloacal malformations through cysto-vaginoscopy simulation. Forty-one pediatric surgeons rated the model highly for training feasibility and anatomical accuracy, with 85% recommending it for preoperative planning and specialty training in complex anorectal malformations.