Neonatal surgical outcomes: a prospective observational study at a Tertiary Academic Hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa

This South African tertiary center study tracked 30-day outcomes for 198 neonatal surgical patients, finding necrotizing enterocolitis as the most common referral and gram-negative sepsis as the leading cause of morbidity (50.78%) and mortality (21.74%). Results emphasize infection control as critical to improving neonatal surgical survival.