Long-term urological assessment and management of cloaca patients: A single tertiary institution experience

Retrospective study of 55 cloaca patients over 12 years demonstrates that common channel length >3cm and sacral ratio <0.4 correlate with neurogenic bladder dysfunction. While 91% achieved continence, 56% required major reconstructive surgery and 33% developed chronic kidney disease, emphasizing need for early risk stratification and long-term multidisciplinary care.