Long term bowel function after repair of anorectal malformations in Uganda

Ugandan children with anorectal malformations achieve 65% normal/good long-term bowel function despite delayed repair (median 2.3 years) and prolonged colostomy duration (1.8 years), comparable to high-income country outcomes. Nearly half experience soiling and significant rates of incontinence persist, suggesting need for improved postoperative follow-up protocols.