Intramural Injection of Botulinum Toxin A in Surgical Treatment of a Long Gap Esophageal Atresia—Rat Model

Botulinum toxin A injections (2 U/kg, four sites, 24-hour interval) significantly elongate esophageal tissue in rats and reduce stricture formation after anastomosis. This technique may enable tension-free repair in long-gap esophageal atresia cases where primary anastomosis is challenging.