A comparison of exosomes derived from different periods breast milk on protecting against intestinal organoid injury

Study comparing protective effects of exosomes from colostrum, transitional, and mature breast milk against LPS-induced intestinal injury in neonatal mouse organoid models. Colostrum-derived exosomes showed superior anti-inflammatory protection, reducing TNFα and TLR4 expression most effectively, supporting breast milk's role in preventing necrotizing enterocolitis.