Ultrasound evidence of bladder outlet obstruction secondary to lichen sclerosus et atrophicus in boys (balanitis xerotica obliterans)

This retrospective study of 78 boys with lichen sclerosus found that 24% had ultrasound evidence of bladder outlet obstruction, including elevated post-void residual volumes and upper tract changes. While routine ultrasound is not indicated, clinicians should consider imaging in boys with lichen sclerosus presenting with UTIs, new-onset incontinence, or atypical obstructive symptoms.