Intraureteral Instillation of Indocyanine Green for Intraoperative Identification of the Ureter During Laparoscopy

Indocyanine green (ICG) is an FDA approved, well tolerated, inexpensive tricarbocyanine fluorophore that is being increasingly used in pediatric surgery and urology [1]. It is a fluorescent anion which is excitable at a light wavelength of 750–810 nm by the near infrared spectrum and hence fluoresces when infrared light is applied to it [2]. We utilize these fluorescent properties of ICG to allow the laparoscopic identification of an upper pole ureter of a duplex kidney following cystoscopic instillation of ICG to its corresponding lower moiety ureter.