Patient Safety and Radiation Exposure in Transcystic Laparoscopic Common Bile Duct Exploration: A CARES Working Group Multicenter Study

Treatment of choledocholithiasis with laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and intraoperative cholangiogram (IOC) ± transcystic laparoscopic common bile duct exploration (LCBDE) is associated with fewer procedures and shorter length of stay (LOS) compared to preoperative endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) followed by LC. Fluoroscopy is required for both LCBDE and ERCP but fluoroscopic time (FT) and radiation dose (RD) in LCBDE has not been studied.