Postoperative Hydronephrosis Following Ureteral Reimplantation: Clinical Significance and Importance of Surgical Technique and Experience

Ureteral reimplantation is the most common surgical treatment for persistent vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), a condition affecting 1-3% of the pediatric population.[1] Left untreated, VUR can lead to recurrent urinary tract infections, increased risk of pyelonephritis, sepsis, and renal scars with loss of functional parenchyma.[2] Open ureteral reimplantation (OUR) remains the gold standard for surgical treatment of VUR, with success rates of 95-100%.[3] However, in recent years, robot-assisted laparoscopic ureteral reimplantation (RALUR) has gained popularity as a minimally invasive treatment option.