Lymphangioma Circumscriptum of the tongue in paediatric patients: a clinic-pathological and immunohistochemical study with High-Tech protocol and comprehensive literature analysis

Vascular anomalies (VAs) encompass a heterogeneous group of congenital disorders characterized by variable clinical presentations, biological behaviour, and therapeutic responses. The classification system developed by International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies (ISSVA) is currently the global standard, categorizing VAs based on histopathological features, hemodynamic, and clinical progression. Lymphatic malformations (LMs), including Lymphangioma Circumscriptum (LC)—a localized, often superficial variant—are stratified into macrocystic, microcystic, or mixed subtypes.