Margaret Collins

168 timestamped statements across 2 collections — auto-found in recorded discussions, each timestamp jumps to the exact moment.

Colorectal / ARM & Hirschsprung · guest expert

Featured diaries

▶ Ep 23 · 2:43
We perform autopsies and during the course of those autopsies, we examine sections from the bowel and so we know that there are ganglion cells present in the rectal submucosa at 28 weeks gestation normally.
quote · Colorectal / ARM & Hirschsprung
▶ Ep 23 · 2:43
We perform autopsies and during the course of those autopsies, we examine sections from the bowel and so we know that there are ganglion cells present in the rectal submucosa at 28 weeks gestation normally.
quote · Colorectal / ARM & Hirschsprung
▶ Ep 9 · 2:43
We perform autopsies and during the course of those autopsies, we examine sections from the bowel and so we know that there are ganglion cells present in the rectal submucosa at 28 weeks gestation normally.
quote · Hirschsprung disease
▶ Ep 9 · 2:43
We perform autopsies and during the course of those autopsies, we examine sections from the bowel and so we know that there are ganglion cells present in the rectal submucosa at 28 weeks gestation normally.
quote · Hirschsprung disease

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Colorectal / ARM & Hirschsprung 84 entries

CinciHirsch - Pathology of Hirschprung Disease

▶ Ep 23 · 2:43
quote We perform autopsies and during the course of those autopsies, we examine sections from the bowel and so we know that there are ganglion cells present in the rectal submucosa at 28 weeks gestation normally. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 2:43
clinical Ganglion cells are present in the rectal submucosa at 28 weeks gestation normally, though they may appear immature. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 2:43
quote We perform autopsies and during the course of those autopsies, we examine sections from the bowel and so we know that there are ganglion cells present in the rectal submucosa at 28 weeks gestation normally. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 2:43
clinical Ganglion cells are present in the rectal submucosa at 28 weeks gestation normally, though they may appear immature. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 3:03
clinical An experienced pediatric pathologist can recognize immature ganglion cells at 28 weeks gestation. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 3:03
clinical An experienced pediatric pathologist can recognize immature ganglion cells at 28 weeks gestation. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 3:17
epidemiological Suction rectal biopsies to rule out Hirschsprung disease on 28-week gestation newborns are extremely rare. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 3:17
epidemiological Suction rectal biopsies to rule out Hirschsprung disease on 28-week gestation newborns are extremely rare. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 5:27
quote The failure rate for the suction rectal biopsy increases after one year of age. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 5:27
clinical The failure rate for suction rectal biopsy increases after one year of age. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 5:27
clinical The failure rate for suction rectal biopsy increases after one year of age. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 5:27
quote The failure rate for the suction rectal biopsy increases after one year of age. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 5:33
clinical After infancy, there is increased separation of ganglia as a result of growth, making suction biopsy more difficult. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 5:33
clinical After infancy, there is increased separation of ganglia as a result of growth, making suction biopsy more difficult. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 5:47
clinical Beyond infancy, there is increased toughness of the stroma, making it more difficult to obtain a good suction rectal biopsy. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 5:47
clinical Beyond infancy, there is increased toughness of the stroma, making it more difficult to obtain a good suction rectal biopsy. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 5:54
clinical The anal canal becomes longer and thicker with age, contributing to increased suction biopsy failure rates. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 5:54
clinical The anal canal becomes longer and thicker with age, contributing to increased suction biopsy failure rates. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 6:00
clinical If suction biopsy fails in children over one year, a deeper or full-thickness rectal biopsy should be considered as the first option. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 6:00
clinical If suction biopsy fails in children over one year, a deeper or full-thickness rectal biopsy should be considered as the first option. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 9:09
clinical Having hypertrophic nerves is helpful in the setting of no ganglion cells in an otherwise adequate suction rectal biopsy. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 9:09
clinical Having hypertrophic nerves is helpful in the setting of no ganglion cells in an otherwise adequate suction rectal biopsy. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 9:47
opinion Communication between surgeon and pathologist is essential when deciding whether to proceed with surgery based on biopsy findings. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 9:47
quote This is an area in which there must be communication between the surgeon and the pathologist. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 9:47
quote This is an area in which there must be communication between the surgeon and the pathologist. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 9:47
opinion Communication between surgeon and pathologist is essential when deciding whether to proceed with surgery based on biopsy findings. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 15:45
opinion It is not a good idea to base an entire surgical procedure on the frozen section of a biopsy obtained intraoperatively. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 15:45
quote It is not a good idea to base an entire surgical procedure on the frozen section of a biopsy obtained intraoperatively. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 15:45
opinion It is not a good idea to base an entire surgical procedure on the frozen section of a biopsy obtained intraoperatively. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 15:45
quote It is not a good idea to base an entire surgical procedure on the frozen section of a biopsy obtained intraoperatively. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 16:28
opinion A better approach is to obtain a full-thickness rectal biopsy without frozen section, allow permanent sections and adjunctive studies, then plan surgical resection at a future date. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 16:28
opinion A better approach is to obtain a full-thickness rectal biopsy without frozen section, allow permanent sections and adjunctive studies, then plan surgical resection at a future date. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 23:58
clinical Large nerves are not present in the submucosa of all cases of Hirschsprung disease; total colonic aganglionosis is a classic example. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 23:58
quote Large nerves are not present in the submucosa of all cases of Hirschberg disease. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 23:58
clinical Large nerves are not present in the submucosa of all cases of Hirschsprung disease; total colonic aganglionosis is a classic example. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 23:58
quote Large nerves are not present in the submucosa of all cases of Hirschberg disease. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 24:03
clinical It is possible to have a suction rectal biopsy showing absent ganglion cells without demonstrating large nerves in the submucosa. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 24:03
clinical It is possible to have a suction rectal biopsy showing absent ganglion cells without demonstrating large nerves in the submucosa. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 24:17
clinical When absent ganglion cells are found without hypertrophic nerves, the strength of clinical findings, biopsy adequacy, patient age, gender, contrast enema results, family history, and ancillary stains must all be considered. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 24:17
clinical When absent ganglion cells are found without hypertrophic nerves, the strength of clinical findings, biopsy adequacy, patient age, gender, contrast enema results, family history, and ancillary stains must all be considered. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 24:28
clinical Nerve hypertrophy may be less apparent in very young infants as well as in older children. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 24:28
clinical Nerve hypertrophy may be less apparent in very young infants as well as in older children. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 30:58
clinical In most hospitals, rectal biopsies are seen by more than one pathologist before a diagnosis is rendered. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 30:58
clinical In most hospitals, rectal biopsies are seen by more than one pathologist before a diagnosis is rendered. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 31:26
clinical At Cincinnati Children's, pathologists use a multi-headed microscope with a calibrated arrow to quickly measure nerve diameter during frozen sections without taking out calipers. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 31:26
clinical At Cincinnati Children's, pathologists use a multi-headed microscope with a calibrated arrow to quickly measure nerve diameter during frozen sections without taking out calipers. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 32:12
clinical Transition zone characteristics include partial circumferential aganglionosis, which requires examining the whole circumference of bowel. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 32:12
clinical Transition zone characteristics include partial circumferential aganglionosis, which requires examining the whole circumference of bowel. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 32:29
clinical Transition zone contains ganglion cells that are not in their normal distribution completely around the circumference of the bowel. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 32:29
clinical Transition zone contains ganglion cells that are not in their normal distribution completely around the circumference of the bowel. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 32:37
clinical Transition zone has hypertrophic nerves that can be evaluated with calretinin stain, more in the submucosa than in the myenteric plexus, with or without associated ganglion cells. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 32:37
clinical Transition zone has hypoganglionosis by definition. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 32:37
clinical Transition zone has hypertrophic nerves that can be evaluated with calretinin stain, more in the submucosa than in the myenteric plexus, with or without associated ganglion cells. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 32:37
clinical Transition zone has hypoganglionosis by definition. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 32:59
clinical Submucosal hyperganglionosis (many ganglion cells in one ganglion, at least 10) is a more controversial feature of transition zone, where submucosa can look like IND type B. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 32:59
clinical Submucosal hyperganglionosis (many ganglion cells in one ganglion, at least 10) is a more controversial feature of transition zone, where submucosa can look like IND type B. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 33:22
clinical Ectopic ganglion cells can occur in normal biopsies and normally innervated bowel, making them a controversial transition zone feature. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 33:22
clinical Ectopic ganglion cells can occur in normal biopsies and normally innervated bowel, making them a controversial transition zone feature. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 33:36
clinical A positive calretinin stain (showing nerve twigs in lamina propria) proximal to an aganglionic segment indicates ganglion cells are present even if not visible in that particular section. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 33:36
clinical A positive calretinin stain (showing nerve twigs in lamina propria) proximal to an aganglionic segment indicates ganglion cells are present even if not visible in that particular section. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 34:24
clinical The methodology used for IND diagnosis in Europe (15-micron thick sections, specific histochemical stains) has not been adopted in the United States. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 34:24
clinical The methodology used for IND diagnosis in Europe (15-micron thick sections, specific histochemical stains) has not been adopted in the United States. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 34:55
clinical IND has had inconsistent diagnostic criteria, with definitions changing several times over decades. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 34:55
clinical IND has had inconsistent diagnostic criteria, with definitions changing several times over decades. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 35:07
clinical IND lacks adequate control data—studies have not compared constipated children to age-matched non-constipated controls to determine if features are causative. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 35:07
clinical IND lacks adequate control data—studies have not compared constipated children to age-matched non-constipated controls to determine if features are causative. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 35:43
clinical IND should not be diagnosed in infants, is outgrown by age 4, does not require surgical therapy, and is self-correcting, making its clinical significance unclear. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 35:43
clinical IND should not be diagnosed in infants, is outgrown by age 4, does not require surgical therapy, and is self-correcting, making its clinical significance unclear. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 36:02
clinical Multiple authors have challenged whether IND diagnostic criteria represent one end of a normal spectrum. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 36:02
clinical Multiple authors have challenged whether IND diagnostic criteria represent one end of a normal spectrum. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 36:15
clinical The histopathological phenotype of IND may be a consequence or adaptation to downstream dysmotility rather than the cause. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 36:15
clinical The histopathological phenotype of IND may be a consequence or adaptation to downstream dysmotility rather than the cause. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 36:32
clinical In the United States, many features attributed to IND are considered transition zone in Hirschsprung disease. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 36:32
clinical In the United States, many features attributed to IND are considered transition zone in Hirschsprung disease. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 42:31
clinical The best way to diagnose hypoganglionosis is to consider only myenteric ganglion cell density, which requires resected bowel, not just suction biopsy. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 42:31
clinical The best way to diagnose hypoganglionosis is to consider only myenteric ganglion cell density, which requires resected bowel, not just suction biopsy. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 42:45
clinical Pathologists currently only confidently diagnose severe hypoganglionosis, based on long stretches of myenteric plexus containing small ganglia (one or two ganglion cells per ganglion) with minimal neuropil. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 42:45
clinical Pathologists currently only confidently diagnose severe hypoganglionosis, based on long stretches of myenteric plexus containing small ganglia (one or two ganglion cells per ganglion) with minimal neuropil. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 43:04
clinical Less severe forms of hypoganglionosis can only be resolved for research purposes with dedicated ganglion cell counts using specific antibody markers. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 43:04
clinical Less severe forms of hypoganglionosis can only be resolved for research purposes with dedicated ganglion cell counts using specific antibody markers. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 43:19
clinical Normal variation in ganglion cell density is huge, and large areas must be counted for accurate assessment, limiting the clinical value of diagnosing less severe hypoganglionosis. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 43:19
clinical Normal variation in ganglion cell density is huge, and large areas must be counted for accurate assessment, limiting the clinical value of diagnosing less severe hypoganglionosis. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 43:34
clinical Hypoganglionosis usually enters the differential diagnosis for patients who have had multiple surgical procedures and poor outcomes. ↗
▶ Ep 23 · 43:34
clinical Hypoganglionosis usually enters the differential diagnosis for patients who have had multiple surgical procedures and poor outcomes. ↗
Hirschsprung disease 84 entries

CinciHirsch - Pathology of Hirschprung Disease

▶ Ep 9 · 2:43
clinical Ganglion cells are present in the rectal submucosa at 28 weeks gestation normally, though they may appear immature. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 2:43
clinical Ganglion cells are present in the rectal submucosa at 28 weeks gestation normally, though they may appear immature. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 2:43
quote We perform autopsies and during the course of those autopsies, we examine sections from the bowel and so we know that there are ganglion cells present in the rectal submucosa at 28 weeks gestation normally. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 2:43
quote We perform autopsies and during the course of those autopsies, we examine sections from the bowel and so we know that there are ganglion cells present in the rectal submucosa at 28 weeks gestation normally. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 3:03
clinical An experienced pediatric pathologist can recognize immature ganglion cells at 28 weeks gestation. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 3:03
clinical An experienced pediatric pathologist can recognize immature ganglion cells at 28 weeks gestation. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 3:17
epidemiological Suction rectal biopsies to rule out Hirschsprung disease on 28-week gestation newborns are extremely rare. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 3:17
epidemiological Suction rectal biopsies to rule out Hirschsprung disease on 28-week gestation newborns are extremely rare. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 5:27
clinical The failure rate for suction rectal biopsy increases after one year of age. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 5:27
clinical The failure rate for suction rectal biopsy increases after one year of age. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 5:27
quote The failure rate for the suction rectal biopsy increases after one year of age. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 5:27
quote The failure rate for the suction rectal biopsy increases after one year of age. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 5:33
clinical After infancy, there is increased separation of ganglia as a result of growth, making suction biopsy more difficult. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 5:33
clinical After infancy, there is increased separation of ganglia as a result of growth, making suction biopsy more difficult. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 5:47
clinical Beyond infancy, there is increased toughness of the stroma, making it more difficult to obtain a good suction rectal biopsy. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 5:47
clinical Beyond infancy, there is increased toughness of the stroma, making it more difficult to obtain a good suction rectal biopsy. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 5:54
clinical The anal canal becomes longer and thicker with age, contributing to increased suction biopsy failure rates. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 5:54
clinical The anal canal becomes longer and thicker with age, contributing to increased suction biopsy failure rates. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 6:00
clinical If suction biopsy fails in children over one year, a deeper or full-thickness rectal biopsy should be considered as the first option. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 6:00
clinical If suction biopsy fails in children over one year, a deeper or full-thickness rectal biopsy should be considered as the first option. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 9:09
clinical Having hypertrophic nerves is helpful in the setting of no ganglion cells in an otherwise adequate suction rectal biopsy. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 9:09
clinical Having hypertrophic nerves is helpful in the setting of no ganglion cells in an otherwise adequate suction rectal biopsy. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 9:47
quote This is an area in which there must be communication between the surgeon and the pathologist. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 9:47
quote This is an area in which there must be communication between the surgeon and the pathologist. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 9:47
opinion Communication between surgeon and pathologist is essential when deciding whether to proceed with surgery based on biopsy findings. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 9:47
opinion Communication between surgeon and pathologist is essential when deciding whether to proceed with surgery based on biopsy findings. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 15:45
opinion It is not a good idea to base an entire surgical procedure on the frozen section of a biopsy obtained intraoperatively. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 15:45
opinion It is not a good idea to base an entire surgical procedure on the frozen section of a biopsy obtained intraoperatively. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 15:45
quote It is not a good idea to base an entire surgical procedure on the frozen section of a biopsy obtained intraoperatively. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 15:45
quote It is not a good idea to base an entire surgical procedure on the frozen section of a biopsy obtained intraoperatively. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 16:28
opinion A better approach is to obtain a full-thickness rectal biopsy without frozen section, allow permanent sections and adjunctive studies, then plan surgical resection at a future date. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 16:28
opinion A better approach is to obtain a full-thickness rectal biopsy without frozen section, allow permanent sections and adjunctive studies, then plan surgical resection at a future date. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 23:58
quote Large nerves are not present in the submucosa of all cases of Hirschberg disease. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 23:58
clinical Large nerves are not present in the submucosa of all cases of Hirschsprung disease; total colonic aganglionosis is a classic example. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 23:58
clinical Large nerves are not present in the submucosa of all cases of Hirschsprung disease; total colonic aganglionosis is a classic example. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 23:58
quote Large nerves are not present in the submucosa of all cases of Hirschberg disease. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 24:03
clinical It is possible to have a suction rectal biopsy showing absent ganglion cells without demonstrating large nerves in the submucosa. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 24:03
clinical It is possible to have a suction rectal biopsy showing absent ganglion cells without demonstrating large nerves in the submucosa. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 24:17
clinical When absent ganglion cells are found without hypertrophic nerves, the strength of clinical findings, biopsy adequacy, patient age, gender, contrast enema results, family history, and ancillary stains must all be considered. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 24:17
clinical When absent ganglion cells are found without hypertrophic nerves, the strength of clinical findings, biopsy adequacy, patient age, gender, contrast enema results, family history, and ancillary stains must all be considered. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 24:28
clinical Nerve hypertrophy may be less apparent in very young infants as well as in older children. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 24:28
clinical Nerve hypertrophy may be less apparent in very young infants as well as in older children. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 30:58
clinical In most hospitals, rectal biopsies are seen by more than one pathologist before a diagnosis is rendered. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 30:58
clinical In most hospitals, rectal biopsies are seen by more than one pathologist before a diagnosis is rendered. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 31:26
clinical At Cincinnati Children's, pathologists use a multi-headed microscope with a calibrated arrow to quickly measure nerve diameter during frozen sections without taking out calipers. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 31:26
clinical At Cincinnati Children's, pathologists use a multi-headed microscope with a calibrated arrow to quickly measure nerve diameter during frozen sections without taking out calipers. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 32:12
clinical Transition zone characteristics include partial circumferential aganglionosis, which requires examining the whole circumference of bowel. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 32:12
clinical Transition zone characteristics include partial circumferential aganglionosis, which requires examining the whole circumference of bowel. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 32:29
clinical Transition zone contains ganglion cells that are not in their normal distribution completely around the circumference of the bowel. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 32:29
clinical Transition zone contains ganglion cells that are not in their normal distribution completely around the circumference of the bowel. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 32:37
clinical Transition zone has hypertrophic nerves that can be evaluated with calretinin stain, more in the submucosa than in the myenteric plexus, with or without associated ganglion cells. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 32:37
clinical Transition zone has hypertrophic nerves that can be evaluated with calretinin stain, more in the submucosa than in the myenteric plexus, with or without associated ganglion cells. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 32:37
clinical Transition zone has hypoganglionosis by definition. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 32:37
clinical Transition zone has hypoganglionosis by definition. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 32:59
clinical Submucosal hyperganglionosis (many ganglion cells in one ganglion, at least 10) is a more controversial feature of transition zone, where submucosa can look like IND type B. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 32:59
clinical Submucosal hyperganglionosis (many ganglion cells in one ganglion, at least 10) is a more controversial feature of transition zone, where submucosa can look like IND type B. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 33:22
clinical Ectopic ganglion cells can occur in normal biopsies and normally innervated bowel, making them a controversial transition zone feature. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 33:22
clinical Ectopic ganglion cells can occur in normal biopsies and normally innervated bowel, making them a controversial transition zone feature. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 33:36
clinical A positive calretinin stain (showing nerve twigs in lamina propria) proximal to an aganglionic segment indicates ganglion cells are present even if not visible in that particular section. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 33:36
clinical A positive calretinin stain (showing nerve twigs in lamina propria) proximal to an aganglionic segment indicates ganglion cells are present even if not visible in that particular section. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 34:24
clinical The methodology used for IND diagnosis in Europe (15-micron thick sections, specific histochemical stains) has not been adopted in the United States. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 34:24
clinical The methodology used for IND diagnosis in Europe (15-micron thick sections, specific histochemical stains) has not been adopted in the United States. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 34:55
clinical IND has had inconsistent diagnostic criteria, with definitions changing several times over decades. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 34:55
clinical IND has had inconsistent diagnostic criteria, with definitions changing several times over decades. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 35:07
clinical IND lacks adequate control data—studies have not compared constipated children to age-matched non-constipated controls to determine if features are causative. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 35:07
clinical IND lacks adequate control data—studies have not compared constipated children to age-matched non-constipated controls to determine if features are causative. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 35:43
clinical IND should not be diagnosed in infants, is outgrown by age 4, does not require surgical therapy, and is self-correcting, making its clinical significance unclear. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 35:43
clinical IND should not be diagnosed in infants, is outgrown by age 4, does not require surgical therapy, and is self-correcting, making its clinical significance unclear. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 36:02
clinical Multiple authors have challenged whether IND diagnostic criteria represent one end of a normal spectrum. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 36:02
clinical Multiple authors have challenged whether IND diagnostic criteria represent one end of a normal spectrum. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 36:15
clinical The histopathological phenotype of IND may be a consequence or adaptation to downstream dysmotility rather than the cause. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 36:15
clinical The histopathological phenotype of IND may be a consequence or adaptation to downstream dysmotility rather than the cause. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 36:32
clinical In the United States, many features attributed to IND are considered transition zone in Hirschsprung disease. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 36:32
clinical In the United States, many features attributed to IND are considered transition zone in Hirschsprung disease. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 42:31
clinical The best way to diagnose hypoganglionosis is to consider only myenteric ganglion cell density, which requires resected bowel, not just suction biopsy. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 42:31
clinical The best way to diagnose hypoganglionosis is to consider only myenteric ganglion cell density, which requires resected bowel, not just suction biopsy. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 42:45
clinical Pathologists currently only confidently diagnose severe hypoganglionosis, based on long stretches of myenteric plexus containing small ganglia (one or two ganglion cells per ganglion) with minimal neuropil. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 42:45
clinical Pathologists currently only confidently diagnose severe hypoganglionosis, based on long stretches of myenteric plexus containing small ganglia (one or two ganglion cells per ganglion) with minimal neuropil. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 43:04
clinical Less severe forms of hypoganglionosis can only be resolved for research purposes with dedicated ganglion cell counts using specific antibody markers. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 43:04
clinical Less severe forms of hypoganglionosis can only be resolved for research purposes with dedicated ganglion cell counts using specific antibody markers. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 43:19
clinical Normal variation in ganglion cell density is huge, and large areas must be counted for accurate assessment, limiting the clinical value of diagnosing less severe hypoganglionosis. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 43:19
clinical Normal variation in ganglion cell density is huge, and large areas must be counted for accurate assessment, limiting the clinical value of diagnosing less severe hypoganglionosis. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 43:34
clinical Hypoganglionosis usually enters the differential diagnosis for patients who have had multiple surgical procedures and poor outcomes. ↗
▶ Ep 9 · 43:34
clinical Hypoganglionosis usually enters the differential diagnosis for patients who have had multiple surgical procedures and poor outcomes. ↗