Collection
Ovarian & Gynecologic Tumors
Educational content from recorded physician discussions — not medical advice. Always talk to your child's care team about your child's situation.
Content of this collection
If paraovarian cysts are smaller than 3 centimeters, most people do not intervene, but they can be opened and drained if desired. — Roshni Dasgupta, Ovarian Cysts with Dr. Roshni Dasgupta · 4:35
Ovarian Cysts with Dr. Roshni Dasgupta
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The differential diagnosis for an ovarian cyst is broad. Join Dr. Roshni Dasgupta for tips and tricks for the work up and management of Ovarian Cysts in pediatric patients.
video · Aug 2022
COG staging for germ cell tumors: stage I is limited to the ovary with negative washings; stage II includes capsular rupture with negative washings; stage III is lymph node involvement; stage IV is distant metastasis. — Roshni Dasgupta, Ovarian Tumors with Dr. Roshni Dasgupta · 12:42
Ovarian Tumors with Dr. Roshni Dasgupta
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There is a lot to know when it comes to ovarian tumors! Here, Dr. Roshni Dasgupta, from Cincinnati Children's, breaks down the highlights for us.
Host: Brittany Levy
video · Sep 2022
Ovarian neoplasms — the role of minimally invasive surgery
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The role of minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for ovarian neoplasms in paediatric patients depends on multiple factors. First, it is important to consider the risk of malignancy, which can be difficult to assess, especially in the setting of
article · Oct 2026
Immature teratoma of the ovary with microscopic yolk sac tumor in children and adolescents: A multi-institutional study
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Objective: Immature teratoma (IT) of the ovary is an uncommon tumor with controversial management. The significance of microscopic yolk sac tumor (YST) within ovarian IT is unclear. We therefore aim to review the characteristics, management
article · Oct 2026
Immature teratoma of the ovary in children and adolescents: A multi-institutional study of characteristics and management
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Objective: Immature teratoma (IT) of the ovary is an uncommon tumor with controversy regarding management. We aimed to review the characteristics, management and outcome of pure IT of the ovary in pediatric and adolescent females. Methods:
article · Oct 2026
Surgeon perceptions on fertility counseling and preservation in children with cancer: A multicenter survey of North American Hospitals
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Purpose: Treatment of pediatric cancers often requires gonadotoxic therapies, making fertility preservation (FP) an essential component of comprehensive oncologic care. However, surgeon exposure to oncofertility care varies. This study eval
article · Oct 2026
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Ovarian Tumors with Dr. Roshni Dasgupta
Neoplastic ovarian masses are classified into three types based on tissue of origin: epithelial ovarian tumors, stromal/sex cord tumors, and germ cell tumors (from the yolk sac).
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta0:55 ↗
Malignancy from neoplastic ovarian processes is rare, making up only 2% of cancers in children overall.
epidemiologicalRoshni Dasgupta1:35 ↗
Ovarian malignancy is more common in the 10-19 year age group and any malignant lesion under age 5 is reportable.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta1:45 ↗
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is associated primarily with granulosa cell tumors and sex cord tumors.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta2:00 ↗
Ollier and Maffucci syndromes are associated with ovarian tumors.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta2:10 ↗
Chediak-Higashi and McCune-Albright syndromes are also associated with ovarian tumors.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta2:18 ↗
Workup for suspected ovarian tumor with precocious puberty includes renal panel, CBC, estradiol, progesterone, tumor markers, and ultrasound.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta3:00 ↗
CT scan advantages for ovarian mass evaluation include better determination of tumor location and extent, and superior detection of calcifications compared to MRI.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta3:50 ↗
CT scan disadvantage is radiation exposure to the child.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta4:10 ↗
MRI provides better tissue detail, can help distinguish ovarian from parovarian masses, and is excellent at detecting lymph nodes.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta4:18 ↗
MRI disadvantages include longer acquisition time (sometimes requiring anesthesia), reduced availability, and higher cost.
Host summaryEm Gootee or Todd Ponsky summarizes what Dr. Roshni Dasgupta said — not the host's own clinical position4:34 ↗
Tumor markers commonly associated with ovarian tumors include AFP, beta-hCG, CA-125 (for epithelial tumors), inhibin A and B, hormones (estradiol, progesterone), LDH, CBC, and renal function tests.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta5:01 ↗
Elevated inhibin B is associated with granulosa cell tumor, a sex cord tumor that causes virilizing effects.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta5:40 ↗
CA-125 can be elevated in benign conditions such as endometriosis and other inflammatory conditions, sometimes to levels that overlap with malignancy.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta6:34 ↗
Primordial germ cells form in the first week of gestation, and by week three they form the wall of the yolk sac and migrate along the mesentery of the hindgut.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta7:15 ↗
Germ cell tumors can be gonadal (when germ cells migrate to the gonads) or extragonadal (sacrococcygeal teratomas, mediastinal lesions).
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta7:45 ↗
Within gonadal germ cell tumors, if cells differentiate properly, extraembryonic differentiation produces choriocarcinomas and yolk sac tumors, while embryonic differentiation produces teratomas and mixed germ cell tumors.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta8:10 ↗
If germ cells do not differentiate properly, they are classified as seminomas in boys and dysgerminomas in girls.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta8:50 ↗
About 20% of germ cell tumors are malignant.
epidemiologicalRoshni Dasgupta9:20 ↗
AFP is the primary tumor marker for germ cell disease.
Host summaryEm Gootee or Todd Ponsky summarizes what Dr. Roshni Dasgupta said — not the host's own clinical position9:28 ↗
Dysgerminomas are the most common malignant histology, comprising 30% of germ cell tumors, and can be bilateral.
epidemiologicalRoshni Dasgupta9:35 ↗
Dysgerminomas have a unique laboratory pattern: elevated LDH, but in a pure dysgerminoma AFP and beta-hCG can be normal; hypercalcemia may also be present.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta9:48 ↗
Germ cell tumor staging requires peritoneal washings, examination of the entire peritoneal cavity, omental resection only if suspicious nodules are present, and unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (salpingectomy only if fallopian tube is involved).
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta11:12 ↗
For germ cell tumors, lymph nodes should be examined intraoperatively but only removed if enlarged or suspicious; standard lymph node dissection is not required.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta11:12 ↗
Any portion of the ovary that can be preserved should be considered during germ cell tumor resection.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta11:50 ↗
COG staging for germ cell tumors: stage I is limited to the ovary with negative washings; stage II includes capsular rupture with negative washings; stage III is lymph node involvement; stage IV is distant metastasis.
guidelineRoshni Dasgupta12:42 ↗
Stage I germ cell tumors can be managed with surgery alone and observation if the tumor is not ruptured.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta13:31 ↗
If a germ cell tumor is ruptured during laparoscopic resection and tumor is spilled, the patient is required to receive chemotherapy.
clinicalRoshni Dasgupta14:00 ↗
PEB chemotherapy (platinum, etoposide, bleomycin) is the standard approach for germ cell tumors requiring adjuvant treatment and is very effective.
Host summaryEm Gootee or Todd Ponsky summarizes what Dr. Roshni Dasgupta said — not the host's own clinical position14:42 ↗
Six-year overall survival with PEB chemotherapy is excellent even in stage IV germ cell tumor patients.
Host summaryEm Gootee or Todd Ponsky summarizes what Dr. Roshni Dasgupta said — not the host's own clinical position15:05 ↗
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