Why adolescents delay with presentation to hospital with acute testicular pain: A qualitative study
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In brief
In brief
Qualitative study of 27 adolescent males reveals significant delays in presenting with testicular pain due to lack of knowledge, parental 'watch and wait' approaches, and reluctance to burden healthcare services. Findings highlight urgent need for targeted testicular health education for both adolescents and parents to prevent poor outcomes from time-sensitive conditions like testicular torsion.
Written by the GCMD Library team from the article.
Abstract
Background/purpose
Adolescents have poor outcomes following testicular torsion directly attributable to delay from onset of symptoms to presentation to hospital. The aim of this study was to investigate the barriers to urgent presentation in young men.
Methods
Semistructured interviews were undertaken with young men (11–19 years), using a topic guide exploring issues surrounding testicular pain and health. Thematic analysis was undertaken using a framework approach.
Results
Twenty-seven adolescents were recruited, data saturation was reached at sixteen participants, and median age was 13.5 years (range 11–18). The process by which an adolescent gets to hospital with testicular pain is slow. They must recognize the problem and alert their parents, who then use a ‘watch and wait' policy to assess need for medical review, often leaving it ‘a day' or overnight. Adolescent males do not engage with healthcare services independently of their parents. Additional factors preventing early presentation include: absence of knowledge about testicular pathology from adolescents and their parents; concern from the young people about raising a false alarm and family concerns about burdening healthcare services.
Conclusions
Recommendations include designing a testicular health education campaign for young men and educating parents regarding the medical conditions where a ‘watch and wait' policy may be harmful to their child.
Level of evidence
VI