Updates on Bacterial Resistance and Empirical Antibiotics Treatment of Complicated Acute Appendicitis in Children
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Read the article on jpedsurg.org ↗Article · Mar 2021 · 1 min read
In brief
In brief
Five-year retrospective study of 257 pediatric appendicitis cases reveals significant increase in antibiotic-resistant bacteria (42.1% of complicated cases), particularly ESBL E. coli and Pseudomonas. Piperacillin-tazobactam provided best coverage (69.8%) against resistant strains, while early antibiotic escalation showed no benefit in reducing complications or treatment duration.
Written by the GCMD Library team from the article.
Abstract
Objective: Through historical comparison with our previous study published 10 years ago, this paper aims to provide latest analysis of local bacteriology of acute complicated appendicitis and evaluate the effects of early escalation of potent antibiotics on course of postoperative recovery.
Methods: A 5-year retrospective review of all children receiving emergency laparoscopic appendicectomies for acute appendicitis from December 2014 to November 2019 was conducted.
Results: 257 cases of acute appendicitis were included, 126 were complicated appendicitis (38 gangrenous, 88 ruptured). 96 had positive peritoneal swab culture, 53 (42.1%) grew resistant bacterial strains, including extended spectrum beta-lactamase producing E. coli (ESBL E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, against traditional empirical triple antibiotics. The prevalence had significantly increased over the past decade (p = 0.008). In our patients, piperacillin/tazobactam, ertapenem, gentamicin provided coverage of 69.8%, 45.3% and 45.3% respectively. For patients with early escalation of postoperative antibiotics, no statistical significance was identified in terms of postoperative complications (p = 0.883), or duration of antibiotics (p = 0.0615).
Conclusion: Growing prevalence of resistant strains were observed over the decade. Piperacillin/tazobactam provided the best coverage (69.8%) against resistant bacterial strains in our patients. Early escalation of antibiotics failed to reduce postoperative complications and antibiotics duration.
Type of Study: Clinical Research, Retrospective Historical Comparative Study
Level of Evidence: Level III