The incidence of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis and its association with folic acid supplementation during pregnancy: A nested case–control study
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In brief
In brief
Nested case-control study examining 1,899 IHPS cases in Israel (1999-2015) found declining incidence from 4.3 to 2.1 per 1,000 live births, potentially associated with increased maternal folic acid supplementation during pregnancy. Study matched cases with 7,350 controls to assess relationship between prenatal folic acid consumption and IHPS risk.
Written by the GCMD Library team from the article.
Background and Rationale
Several studies have suggested that the incidence of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) has decreased in recent decades. This decrement is controversial and not fully explained. Concurrently, there has been a major increase in folic acid consumption by pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects. We aimed to describe IHPS incidence in Israel in recent years and to assess its potential association with folic acid consumption.
Methods
Using the electronic medical database of a 2.1 million member health organization in Israel, we identified all cases (n = 1899) of IHPS occurring between 1999 and 2015. Cases were individually matched with up to 5 controls (n = 7350) by birth date, sex, and region. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals by tertiles of cumulative dose of supplemented folic acid between three months prior to pregnancy and up to birth of index child were calculated using conditional logistic regression.
Results
During the study period IHPS incidence declined from 4.3 in 1999 to 2.1 per 1000 live births in 2015(p