Systematic reviews and meta-analytic techniques
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In brief
In brief
This article provides a comprehensive guide to systematic reviews and meta-analysis methodology for pediatric surgeons. It covers the complete process from question formulation through search strategy, study appraisal, and data synthesis, emphasizing practical application in pediatric surgical practice.
Written by the GCMD Library team from the article.
Publication date: Available online 25 October 2018
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
Author(s): Robert Baird
Abstract
Systematic reviews (SRs) are a form of research methodology that addresses a specific research question by collecting, appraising and summarising all empirical evidence that fits pre-specified eligibility criteria. Systematic reviews have grown exponentially since their emergence in the late 1970 s as evidence-based medicine permeated medical culture. With several key advantages and limitations inherent to their design, all health care providers should be familiar with their basic structure, how to critically appraise them, and how to incorporate their findings into clinical practice.
This review will contextualise systematic reviews within the broader framework of other review types, and outline the steps in conducting or appraising a systematic review. This includes the framing of an appropriate question, the search strategy, appraisal of included studies, as well as synthesis and analysis of the acquired data. A focus on SRs in the context of pediatric surgical practice will be emphasized. A concise primer on meta-analytic techniques is also provided, with resources highlighted for further reading.