Surgical resection and outcome of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors in children—a national multicentric study compared to international results
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In brief
In brief
Multicenter Egyptian study of 37 pediatric patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors treated with unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy and risk-stratified platinum-based chemotherapy per COG protocol. Three-year overall survival was 84%, with COG staging and risk stratification significantly correlating with prognosis while tumor pathology and age showed no significant impact.
Written by the GCMD Library team from the article.
Abstract
Purpose
To evaluate the outcome of pediatric malignant ovarian germ cell tumors treated by three tertiary Egyptian institutions, and to compare our national experience to internationally published data.
Methods
This is a retrospective analysis of all patients presenting between September 2014 and September 2019. Management protocol was Children's Oncology Group (COG) in all participating centers. Overall survival (OS), event-free survival (EFS) and univariate prognostic factors were estimated by Kaplan–Meier and log-rank test. Additionally, a review of various practices that reported survival outcome was conducted.
Main results
Thirty-seven patients were included with a median age of 10.5 years (1–18 years). Thirty-five patients had unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Mixed germ cell and yolk sac tumors represented 75.7% of patients. There were 7 (19%), 14 (37.8%), 12 (32.4%) and 4 (10.8%) stage I, II, III and IV, respectively. Seven patients were low risk (LR), 26 intermediate risk (IR) and 4 high risk (HR). Platinum-based chemotherapy was administered as per risk stratification. Follow-up to March 2020 revealed that five patients had relapsed. There were no statistical significances of pathological types and patients' age regarding OS (p value 0.392 and 0.281, respectively) and EFS (p value 0.420 and 0.437, respectively). Three-year OS was 84%: 100% for stages I and II, and 62% for stages III and IV (p = 0.003); 100% for LR, 89% for IR, and 24% for HR (p < 0.001). Three-year EFS was 87%: 96% for stages I and II, and 71% for stages III and IV (p = 0.025); 100% for LR, 92% for IR, and 26% for HR (p < 0.001).
Conclusion
Surgical resection combined with chemotherapy achieves excellent outcome for such tumors in both, present study and previous reports. On the basis of our results, COG staging and risk stratification were significantly correlated with prognosis, whereas tumor pathology and age had no significant impact. Prognostic factors are controversial among studies, and further research is still required.