Risk of Cancers in Patients with Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
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Read the article on pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov ↗Article · Apr 2021 · 1 min read
In brief
In brief
Systematic review of 38,092 pediatric IBD patients shows 2.4-fold increased cancer risk compared to general population, with colorectal and hematologic cancers most common. Cancer incidence appears to be declining in recent years for both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients.
Written by the GCMD Library team from the article.
Objectives: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the risk of the development of cancers in patients with pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
Study design: A computerized literature search was performed. The primary outcome was the pooled incidence of cancer in studies reporting the risk as a standardized incidence ratio. The secondary outcomes were the pooled incidence rates of all cancers and site-specific cancers including colorectal cancer and hematologic cancers.
Results: Sixty-six studies reporting outcomes in 38 092 patients were included. The pooled standardized incidence ratio for cancer was 2.39 (P < .0001, 95% CI 2.00-2.86) in IBD. The pooled incidence rates for cancer in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were 0.014 (95% CI 0.0087-0.021) and 0.031 (95% CI 0.018-0.052), respectively. The pooled incidence rate of colorectal cancer in CD and UC were 0.0075 (95% CI 0.0049-0.011) and 0.020 (95% CI 0.012-0.034), respectively. The pooled rates of hematologic cancers in CD and UC were 0.0061 (95% CI 0.0040-0.0090) and 0.0045 (95% CI 0.0026-0.0079), respectively. Cumulative meta-analyses showed a decreasing trend in the incidence of these cancers in both CD and UC.
Conclusions: Patients with pediatric-onset IBD had an increased risk of cancer development compared with the general population, however, incidence appeared to be decreasing in recent years.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.08.087