Perforation in pediatric non-complicated appendicitis treated by antibiotics: the real incidence
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In brief
In brief
Study reassessing imaging from pediatric non-complicated appendicitis cases treated with antibiotics found that perforation incidence during treatment is less than 1% when initial misdiagnosis is excluded. Blind review of pre-treatment scans revealed over half of perforations were present before antibiotic therapy began, demonstrating that inappropriate triage inflates reported perforation rates.
Written by the GCMD Library team from the article.
Abstract
Purpose
The incidence of perforation during antibiotic therapy (AT) of children triaged as non-complicated acute appendicitis (NC-Ap) was investigated.
Methods
Abdominal ultrasonography (US) and/or computed tomography (CT) scans from cases of perforation identified at appendectomy for failed AT were reassessed blindly by a panel of board-certified specialists for any evidence of pre-AT morbidity suggestive of perforation.
Results
Of 521 cases triaged as NC-Ap, symptoms resolved with AT in 452 cases (86.8%). All 69/521 (13.2%) cases with persistent symptoms had urgent appendectomy, and 12/521 (2.3%) were found to have perforated. Blind reassessment of US and/or CT scans from these cases identified seven with evidence of perforation when they were triaged as NC-Ap. Thus, the actual incidence of perforation during AT for NC-Ap was actually 12–7 = 5/521 (0.95%).
Conclusions
Perforation is generally believed to be a complication of AT, but inappropriate triaging of cases for AT can bias results by artificially inflating the number of perforations, in this study, by more than double. We are the first to assess the unbiased incidence of perforation during AT for NC-Ap, by reassessing pre-AT US and/or CT scans. The incidence of perforation during AT is actually negligible.