Is anemia frequently recognized in gastroschisis compared to omphalocele? A multicenter retrospective study in southern Japan
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In brief
In brief
Multicenter retrospective study of 33 infants in southern Japan found gastroschisis patients had significantly higher anemia rates at first outpatient visit compared to omphalocele patients, despite more frequent iron supplementation during hospitalization. Gestational age and gastroschisis diagnosis were independent predictors of post-discharge anemia, likely due to direct intestinal exposure to amniotic fluid in utero.
Written by the GCMD Library team from the article.
Abstract
Purpose
We compared cases of anemia in gastroschisis versus omphalocele and investigated this clinical question.
Methods
A multicenter study of five pediatric surgery departments in southern Japan was planned. Sixty patients were collected between 2011 and 2020, with 33 (gastroschisis: n = 19, omphalocele: n = 14) who met the selection criteria ultimately being enrolled. Anemia was evaluated before discharge and at the first outpatient visit.
Results
Despite gastroschisis cases showed more frequent iron administration during hospitalization than omphalocele (p = 0.015), gastroschisis cases tended to show lower hemoglobin values at the first outpatient visit than omphalocele cases (gastroschisis: 9.9 g/dL, omphalocele: 11.2 g/dL). Gastroschisis and the gestational age at birth were significant independent predictors of anemia at the first outpatient visit, (gastroschisis: adjusted odds ratio [OR] 19.00, p = 0.036; gestational age at birth: adjusted OR 0.341, p = 0.028). A subgroup analysis for gastroschisis showed that the ratio of anemia in the 35–36 weeks group (8/10, 80.0%) and the > 37 weeks group (6/6, 100%) was more than in the < 34 weeks group (0/3, 0.0%).
Conclusions
Gastroschisis may carry an increased risk of developing anemia compared with omphalocele due to the difference of direct intestinal exposure of amnion fluid in utero.