Analysis of factors associated with undescended testis in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia
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In brief
In brief
This retrospective study of 66 male neonates with CDH found a 24.2% incidence of undescended testis, with large diaphragmatic defect identified as an independent risk factor (OR 3.87). Patients with UDT had significantly lower gestational age, birth weight, and required longer mechanical ventilation and hospitalization.
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Abstract
Purpose
This study aimed to investigate the incidence and clinical factors associated with undescended testes (UDT) in patients with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH).
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the incidence of UDT in male neonates admitted to our institution and underwent surgery for CDH between January 2006 and December 2022. Patients were divided into two groups based on the presence or absence of UDT, and risk factors for UDT were compared between the two groups.
Results
Among the 66 male neonates with CDH, 16 (24.2%) developed UDT. Patients with UDT had a significantly smaller gestational age (p = 0.026), lower birth weight (p = 0.042), and lower Apgar score at 1 min (p = 0.016) than those without UDT. They had a significantly higher incidence of large diaphragmatic defects (p = 0.005), received more patch closures (p = 0.020), had a longer mechanical ventilation period (p = 0.034), and longer hospital stay (p = 0.028). Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that large diaphragmatic defect was an independent risk factor for UDT (adjusted odds ratio of 3.87).
Conclusion
CDH and UDT are strongly correlated. In patients with CDH, the incidence of UDT was related not only to patients’ prematurity but also to the large diaphragmatic defect. Large diaphragmatic defect is an independent risk factor for UDT in patients with CDH.