Anti-inflammatory effects of antenatal administration of stem cell derived extracellular vesicles in the brain of rat fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia

This preclinical study demonstrates that rat fetuses with CDH exhibit brain inflammation, including elevated cytokines and activated microglia, which may contribute to neurodevelopmental impairment in survivors. Antenatal intra-amniotic administration of amniotic fluid stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles successfully reduced neuroinflammation to control levels while also improving lung development.