Beyond the diaphragm and the lung: a multisystem approach to understanding congenital diaphragmatic hernia

This review examines the multisystem impact of congenital diaphragmatic hernia beyond the well-studied lung and diaphragm pathology. While pulmonary hypoplasia and hypertension are hallmarks, 60% of CDH survivors face long-term comorbidities affecting the heart, brain, GI tract, kidneys, and musculoskeletal system—areas requiring further research to improve outcomes.