Clinical features of patients who underwent anoplasty for cloacal exstrophy and their functional outcomes: the results of a nationwide survey in Japan

This Japanese nationwide survey of 195 cloacal exstrophy patients found only 8.7% underwent anoplasty, with lower rates in those with spinal defects or omphalocele. While 41% required permanent stoma after anoplasty, two-thirds achieved continence without soiling, suggesting careful patient selection may improve quality of life outcomes.