Preexisting neural factors that contribute to dysmotility in esophageal atresia: a systematic review

This systematic review examines preexisting neural abnormalities contributing to esophageal dysmotility in esophageal atresia patients before surgical repair. Analysis of 14 studies (human and animal models) identified proteins, enzymes, growth factors, and genes affecting esophageal innervation and neuromuscular function, advancing understanding of the underlying pathophysiology.