What is the best approach for pediatric kidney stones of moderate-sized between shock wave lithotripsy, ultramini percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intrarenal surgery?

Comparative study of 159 pediatric patients evaluating three surgical approaches for moderate-sized kidney stones (10-20mm). Ultramini percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intrarenal surgery achieved superior stone-free rates versus shock wave lithotripsy (93%, 89% vs 69%), with UMP showing particular advantage for lower pole stones, all with comparable safety profiles.