What is the best approach for pediatric kidney stones of moderate-sized between shock wave lithotripsy, ultramini percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intrarenal surgery?

Comparative study of three surgical approaches for moderate-sized pediatric kidney stones (10-20mm) shows ultramini percutaneous nephrolithotomy and retrograde intrarenal surgery achieve superior stone-free rates compared to shock wave lithotripsy, with UMP demonstrating particular advantage for lower pole stones. All three methods showed comparable safety profiles.