Umbilical Access in Laparoscopic Surgery in Infants Less than 3 Months: A Single Institution Retrospective Review

Retrospective study of 365 infants under 3 months demonstrates that transumbilical laparoscopic access is safe with only 2.5% complication rate across pyloromyotomy and hernia repairs. No CO2 embolisms or mortalities occurred, challenging previous concerns about umbilical access in this vulnerable population.