Children Undergoing Outpatient Complex Penile Surgery, Hypospadias Repair May Not Require Opioid Analgesics

Retrospective study of 3,998 pediatric penile surgeries examining opioid-free postoperative pain management. Patients discharged without opioids had higher rates of pain complaints and provider contact, with catheter presence and opioid omission as independent predictors of pain-related encounters.