Pelvic and lower extremity immobilization for cloacal exstrophy bladder and abdominal closure in neonates and older children

Retrospective study of 94 bladder closures in 71 cloacal exstrophy patients comparing immobilization techniques. External fixation with skin traction showed significantly lower failure rates (9.3%) compared to spica cast alone (71.7%), suggesting superior outcomes for this approach in both primary and reoperative closures.