Error Traps and Culture of Safety in Anorectal Malformations

Retrospective analysis of 398 reoperation cases identifies five critical error traps in anorectal malformation surgery: improper colostomy placement, inaccurate preoperative imaging, absent urinary catheterization in males, stricture mismanagement, and inadequate follow-up. Authors provide specific safety protocols for each trap to minimize iatrogenic injury in this elective procedure.