Update Course 2022 - UPDATES IN GASTROSCHISIS FEEDING PROTOCOLS - Jason Fraser, Beth Rymeski, and Steven Lee
With Dr. Jason Fraser & Dr. Beth Rymeski · hosted by Dr. Todd Ponsky · Live Event Content
Cued at 10:01 · stops at 10:46 · press play
Educational content from recorded physician discussions — not medical advice. Talk to your (or your child's) care team about your situation.
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What the experts said
Some institutions start feeds when NG output is less than 20 mL/kg/day.
Jason Fraser's institution starts feeding immediately after dressing placement as long as the baby is not sick, not having horrible output, and not vomiting.
Fraser's institution does not intubate gastroschisis babies for reduction.
Awake reduction can be successful if performed slowly, with stomach emptying, colon decompression, oral sucrose, and gradual abdominal wall stretching.
Some institutions perform gastroschisis reduction under general anesthesia.
Cincinnati Children's feeding protocol is based on patient tolerance and data from resource-limited settings where TPN is unavailable and feeding is mandatory.
Cincinnati Children's protocol includes standardized feed advancement and sham feeding to address poor oral feeding skills in gastroschisis patients.
Cincinnati Children's attempted ad-lib feeding for gastroschisis but abandoned it after one year due to poor results, including delayed NG tube removal and starting feeds too late.
Cincinnati Children's current gastroschisis feeding protocol has been in place for approximately four years.
The reduction in surgical site infections with protocol feeding was likely due to decreased care variability rather than the feeding protocol itself.
The multi-institutional study showed inconclusive results due to significant variation in feeding protocols across institutions.
Cincinnati Children's average gastroschisis length of stay was 49 days before protocol implementation, which was astronomically higher than comparable NICUs in their cooperative network.
After implementing a feeding protocol, Cincinnati Children's reduced gastroschisis length of stay by 10 days over two years.
Cincinnati Children's has seen a decrease in time from first feed to full feeds but has not yet reduced the time from admission to first feed (except in 2020).
Continuous feeds in gastroschisis patients can lead to oral aversion and prolonged length of stay when patients are not taking anything orally.
Cincinnati Children's protocol includes both intermittent feeds and sham feeds, with sham feeds implemented for approximately one year.
Approximately two-thirds of Cincinnati Children's gastroschisis patients are discharged home with an NG tube or G-tube for continued feeding support.
Cincinnati Children's gastroschisis protocol includes prenatal care coordination with obstetricians and neonatologists, with surgery continuing to follow patients throughout hospitalization.
The most important aspects of gastroschisis feeding are defining institutional tolerance criteria, adhering to protocol, and continuously evaluating the infant's condition.
For significant feeding intolerance, Cincinnati Children's protocol calls for stopping feeds for six hours, though this is not clearly evidence-based.
Cincinnati Children's written protocol explicitly states that emesis is expected during gastroschisis feeding to set appropriate expectations for nursing staff and families.
One recent Cincinnati Children's gastroschisis patient who was primarily reduced on day of life zero was discharged at approximately two weeks and remained well at two-week follow-up, though this is an outlier on the faster end.
Cincinnati Children's current average gastroschisis length of stay is 30 to 34 days.
Cincinnati Children's has not seen any aspirations with their early aggressive feeding approach, though they acknowledge they are still early in implementation and continue to monitor data.
Much of the data supporting early feeding in gastroschisis originated from resource-limited countries without TPN access, though implementing this approach in Africa has proven difficult due to poor tolerance.
At Cincinnati Children's, approximately two-thirds of gastroschisis cases cannot be reduced immediately and are placed in a silo for gradual reduction followed by sutureless closure, with feeds started after closure.
Several hospitals have changed their gastroschisis protocols based on recent publications.
In a multi-institutional study, protocol-fed gastroschisis infants had fewer surgical site infections compared to non-protocol-fed infants.
Some institutions ignore bilious emesis or bilious NG residuals completely during gastroschisis feeding advancement.