# Pediatric Robotic Surgery — GCMD Library living collection

Also covered as: epigastric pain · weight loss · type IV choledochal cyst · right upper quadrant pain · intrahepatic ductal dilation · cholangitis · fat malabsorption · biliary leak

Experts: Dr. Cecilia Gigena, Dr. Johana Sosa Jurado, Dr. Jill Knepprath, Dr. Juan Gurria

Updated: n/a · 7 episodes · 130 cited statements

## Episodes
### Surgical Management
- [Robotic-Assisted Release of the Median Arcuate Ligament for Pediatric MALS](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290) — video · 4:51 · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290.md)

### Evidence & Research
- [Comparison of robotic versus thoracoscopic repair for congenital esophageal atresia](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940) — video · 0:56 · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940.md)
- [Johana Sosa Jurado, MD - Best of the Best in Pediatric Surgery 2024](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007) — video · 5:38 · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007.md)

### Case-Based Learning
- [Heat 1 Winner: Dariusz Patkowski, MD, PhD - Best of the Best in Pediatric Surgery 2024](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008) — video · 2:30 · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008.md)

### In-Depth Reviews
- [Dr. Marc Michalsky - Pediatric Robotic-Assisted Surgery – Developing a Programmatic Paradigm](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169) — video · 66:48 · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169.md)
- [Colorectal Quiz: Episode 50 - 16th Annual European Pediatric Colorectal and Pelvic Reconstruction Conference, Stockholm, Sweden, October 2025 - What did we learn?](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653) — podcast · 24:17 · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653.md)
- [Update Course Rewind 2025: Robotics in Pediatric Surgery: Which indications benefit the most?](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230) — video · 4:35 · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230.md)

## Chapters
- [0:03](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=3) MALS Pathophysiology and Diagnosis (Ep 1)
- [1:02](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=62) Surgical Approach and Initial Dissection (Ep 1)
- [2:25](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=145) Complete Release Technique (Ep 1)
- [4:08](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=248) Complications and Management (Ep 1)
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=0) Robotic vs Thoracoscopic Repair for Esophageal Atresia (Ep 2)
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=0) Study Presentation: Epidemiological Profile of Pediatric Robotic Surgery (Ep 3)
- [2:18](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=138) Learning Curves: Complex vs Basic Procedures (Ep 3)
- [3:39](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=219) Clinical Utility and Technical Limitations of Pediatric Robotic Surgery (Ep 3)
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=0) Introduction of Competing Presentations (Ep 4)
- [1:03](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=63) Voting and Winner Announcement (Ep 4)
- [1:30](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=90) Judge Commentary and Congratulations (Ep 4)
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=0) Introduction and lineage (Ep 5)
- [5:34](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=334) History of robotic surgery (Ep 5)
- [10:25](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=625) Rationale and organizational framework (Ep 5)
- [18:06](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1086) Nationwide's adoption timeline and volume trends (Ep 5)
- [21:16](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1276) Practical infrastructure: rooms, staffing, credentialing (Ep 5)
- [27:29](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1649) Scheduling and block-time overlay system (Ep 5)
- [33:34](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2014) Clinical applications: bariatric surgery (Ep 5)
- [44:16](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2656) Advanced cases and technical pearls (Ep 5)
- [49:21](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2961) Marketing, education, and future platforms (Ep 5)
- [52:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3177) Q&A: support, cost, credentialing, autonomy (Ep 5)
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=0) Introduction and Hirschsprung Irrigation Practices (Ep 6)
- [3:07](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=187) Skincare and Nutritional Management (Ep 6)
- [5:23](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=323) Minimally Invasive Techniques and Enterocolitis Science (Ep 6)
- [8:30](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=510) Pull-Through Decompensation and Nursing Programs (Ep 6)
- [10:50](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=650) Transition of Care Challenges (Ep 6)
- [15:55](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=955) Anorectal Malformation Surgical Techniques (Ep 6)
- [20:45](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1245) Pediatric Proctology and Conference Attendance (Ep 6)
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=0) Introduction and Advantages of Robotic Surgery (Ep 7)
- [1:08](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=68) Addressing Common Concerns About Robotic Surgery (Ep 7)
- [2:23](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=143) Clinical Outcomes and Proficiency Requirements (Ep 7)
- [3:38](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=218) Summary and Future Directions (Ep 7)

## Statements
Every statement is attributed, typed, and timestamped; the link is the citation.
- "Many centers are starting irrigation competency even with an ostomy in place, particularly for total colonic Hirschsprung patients who may have delayed takedown" — Lindsay Clark (clinical) [Ep 6 · 1:17](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=77)
- "Enterocolitis remains a risk for Hirschsprung patients even after pull-through at about a rate of 20% of all patients" (epidemiological) [Ep 6 · 2:13](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=133)
- "Regular irrigations minimize enterocolitis risk" (clinical) [Ep 6 · 2:21](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=141)
- "Total colonic Hirschsprung patients represent the highest risk group for enterocolitis" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 2:45](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=165)
- "Most centers still do some kind of crusting, putting stool on the bottom first while patients have a stoma for small periods of time to help get their bottom used to it" — Megan Misa (clinical) [Ep 6 · 3:35](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=215)
- "Betel leaf was used for peristomal skin protection in Bangladesh with pristine skin results" — Megan Misa (clinical) [Ep 6 · 4:11](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=251)
- "Diet and nutrition management is not one size fits all; families must identify individual food triggers through pattern recognition" — Lindsay Clark (clinical) [Ep 6 · 4:48](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=288)
- "There have been advances in robotic-assisted repair for Hirschsprung disease and use of ICG to check blood supply of pull-throughs" — Felipe Gli (clinical) [Ep 6 · 5:23](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=323)
- "ICG fluorescence imaging can reduce the risk of leaks and ischemia during pull-throughs" (clinical) [Ep 6 · 5:36](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=336)
- "High frequency ultrasound measurement of muscle internal thickness can help determine the segment of aganglionic bowel" — Felipe Gli (clinical) [Ep 6 · 5:49](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=349)
- "More surgeons are able to perform robotic surgery on children less than 10 kg because equipment is improving" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 6:44](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=404)
- "Robotic surgery expenses have become almost equivalent to other techniques" — Felipe Gli (clinical) [Ep 6 · 6:51](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=411)
- "Goblet cells increase from proximal to distal bowel, producing more mucus distally which has a protective role" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 7:40](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=460)
- "The more proximal bowel that needs to be resected, the more at risk the patient is for future enterocolitis because proximal segments don't make as much protective mucus" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 7:56](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=476)
- "Mechanical stress and distension on the bowel wall leads to increased gut microbial dysbiosis and breakdown in mucosal lining and barrier function" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 8:37](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=517)
- "Bowel wall stress shows upregulation of pro-inflammatory factors affecting immune response, contributing to enterocolitis" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 9:04](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=544)
- "Most pull-through decompensation occurs despite originally good pathology, due to inadequate post-operative management" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 9:39](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=579)
- "Aggressive management with laxatives when needed and Botox when needed prevents pull-through decompensation" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 9:52](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=592)
- "The perineal-preserving PSARP avoids perineal body dissection altogether and avoids dehiscence possibility" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 16:25](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=985)
- "Perineal-preserving PSARP could potentially avoid colostomies and colostomy closures in many patients" — Marc Levitt (opinion) [Ep 6 · 16:36](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=996)
- "PRAA (posterectal advancement anoplasty) involves mobilization of posterior rectal wall only in males with perineal fistula and some females with perineal fistula when the fistula is in the anteriormost extent of the sphincteric ellipse" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 16:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1017)
- "In vestibular fistula repair, surgeons do not need to dissect all the way to the areolar plane separating anterior rectum from posterior vagina; they only need to ensure no tension on the rectum during anoplasty" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 17:18](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1038)
- "Delaying vaginal reconstruction in cloaca may allow for other surgical options with less conflict and avoid bowel vaginoplasty" — Felipe Gli (clinical) [Ep 6 · 18:07](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1087)
- "A vaginal replacement can hold the spot in the perineum and be resected later when the patient is older" — Felipe Gli (clinical) [Ep 6 · 18:27](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1107)
- "Cloaca patients need long-term follow-up especially during puberty to avoid menstrual obstruction, incapacity for egress, and risk of endometriosis and damage to uterus and fallopian tubes" — Felipe Gli (clinical) [Ep 6 · 18:44](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1124)
- "Structures that look atretic may actually grow into real useful structures, supporting a strategy of waiting on Mullerian structures" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 19:24](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1164)
- "A bowel neovagina can bridge the gap when native vagina does not reach, and may be removable in the future when native vagina can be pulled through after puberty" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 19:50](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1190)
- "Removal of the skin tag in chronic anal fissure can lead to better long-term healing" — Felipe Gli (clinical) [Ep 6 · 21:02](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1262)
- "Injection of 20 to 50 units of Botox can improve healing in chronic anal fissure" — Felipe Gli (clinical) [Ep 6 · 21:02](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1262)
- "There is a higher incidence of perianal disease in children with Crohn's disease, and sometimes perianal disease can be the first hint that the patient will develop Crohn's disease" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 21:35](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1295)
- "Enteral nutrition is as effective as steroids in treating transmural inflammation or stenosis of small bowel in Crohn's disease" — Marc Levitt (clinical) [Ep 6 · 21:53](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/colorectal-quiz-episode-50-16th-annual-european-pediatric-colorectal-and-pelvic-reconstruction-conference-stockholm-sweden-october-2025-what-did-we-learn-11653?t=1313)
- "All pediatric surgical patients discussed are good candidates for robotic surgery" — Jill Knepprath (opinion) [Ep 7 · 0:33](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=33)
- "The human hand has 6 degrees of freedom for mobility, robotic has 7" — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 0:41](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=41)
- "Robotic surgery reduces postoperative pain and infection risk, leading to faster recovery" — Jill Knepprath (clinical) [Ep 7 · 1:02](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=62)
- "The learning curve for robotic surgery is better than laparoscopic surgery" — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 1:21](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=81)
- "Time to reduce operative times is way faster for robotic than laparoscopic after a few cases" — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 1:26](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=86)
- "There is no FDA approval for robotic surgery in pediatrics, but it should be coming soon" — Juan Gurria (guideline) [Ep 7 · 1:42](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=102)
- "After a few cases, robotic surgery decreases operative time" — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 1:53](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=113)
- "Improved efficiency and reduced operative time reduces costs for robotics in the long run" — Jill Knepprath (opinion) [Ep 7 · 1:56](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=116)
- "New robotic systems allow surgeons to tell when the suture is about to rupture" — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:05](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=125)
- "Robotic surgery improves depth perception compared to laparoscopic surgery" — Jill Knepprath (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:09](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=129)
- "Robotic surgery reduces surgeon fatigue compared to laparoscopic surgery" — Jill Knepprath (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:14](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=134)
- "In colorectal surgery, robotic operative time is longer than laparoscopic" — Jill Knepprath (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:23](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=143)
- "Laparoscopy has a higher conversion rate to open surgery than robotic surgery in colorectal cases" — Jill Knepprath (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:23](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=143)
- "Both robotic and laparoscopic surgery have comparable oncologic results" — Jill Knepprath (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:32](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=152)
- "With trained personnel, room turnover time for robotic surgery equals that of laparoscopic surgery" — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:37](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=157)
- "Cases needed for basic proficiency: 20 to 30 for laparoscopy, 10 to 15 for robotic" — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:51](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=171)
- "It takes half the number of cases to become proficient in robotic surgery versus laparoscopy" — Jill Knepprath (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=177)
- "Robotic surgery does not impair outcomes in oncologic surgeries" — Juan Gurria (clinical) [Ep 7 · 3:07](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=187)
- "Robotics can be indicated for surgeries in the chest, pelvic reconstruction, abdominal tumors, and urology" — Jill Knepprath (clinical) [Ep 7 · 3:14](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=194)
- "In smaller patients, measure 3 centimeters between ports" — Jill Knepprath (clinical) [Ep 7 · 3:24](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=204)
- "Future pediatric surgeons will be doing robotic surgery rather than laparoscopy" (opinion) [Ep 7 · 3:28](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=208)
- "Robotic surgery in pediatric patients is ideal in select cases including adrenal masses, polycystic kidneys, and nephrectomies" — Jill Knepprath (clinical) [Ep 7 · 3:38](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=218)
- "Reported cons of robotic surgery include cost, set up time, the size of the ports, and a steep learning curve" — Jill Knepprath (opinion) [Ep 7 · 3:52](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=232)
- "Operative times and conversions to open surgery are lower for robotic surgery compared to laparoscopy once proficiency is achieved" — Jill Knepprath (clinical) [Ep 7 · 4:06](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-2025-robotics-in-pediatric-surgery-which-indications-benefit-the-most-12230?t=246)
- "Computer Motion developed 5 mm robotic instruments, which Intuitive sunsetted after acquisition." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 13:09](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=789)
- "The da Vinci SI-to-XI transition was transformational due to enhanced range of motion and flexibility." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 12:20](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=740)
- "Nationwide's robotic volume grew from ~70 cases in 2014 to 130–140 cases/year by 2020, with general surgery matching or exceeding urology." — Marc Michalsky (epidemiological) [Ep 5 · 20:11](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1211)
- "Using long (bariatric) instruments reduces external arm collision in smaller patients." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 34:36](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2076)
- "Approximately 12% of Nationwide's robotic cases are in patients <15 kg, driven primarily by urology." — Marc Michalsky (epidemiological) [Ep 5 · 35:29](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2129)
- "No difference in operative time, complications, or readmissions for sleeve gastrectomy in patients with BMI >50 vs. <50." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 36:43](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2203)
- "Robotic sleeve gastrectomy learning curve dropped from 132 minutes (SI) to 36 minutes (XI); shortest case 21 minutes." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 41:44](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2504)
- "Acute cholecystitis cases showed no difference in time or complications compared to elective cholecystectomy." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 43:36](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2616)
- "Robotic cases carry a facility charge of level 5 (~$4000/15 min) vs. level 3 (~$2200/15 min) for standard laparoscopy." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 60:27](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3627)
- "No insurance denials or patient surcharges attributed to robotic surgery at Nationwide over the entire program history." — Marc Michalsky (epidemiological) [Ep 5 · 61:21](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3681)
- "Fellows must bedside-assist 10 cases and perform 20 console cases as primary surgeon for credentialing letter." — Marc Michalsky (guideline) [Ep 5 · 62:49](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3769)
- "Maintenance of certification requires 10 cases over a 2-year cycle plus quarterly digital simulation." — Marc Michalsky (guideline) [Ep 5 · 30:19](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1819)
- "A children's hospital received a donated robot that sat unused for 18 months (~$25k/month maintenance) due to lack of planning." — Marc Michalsky (epidemiological) [Ep 5 · 22:12](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1332)
- "Nationwide created a block-time overlay system with 14-day release to eliminate robot-availability conflicts." — Marc Michalsky (guideline) [Ep 5 · 32:20](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=1940)
- "Intuitive employs 4 pediatric surgeons (including James Wall) and is working with FDA to shift from case-specific to category-based clearance." — Marc Michalsky (epidemiological) [Ep 5 · 58:25](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3505)
- "Emerging platforms (Medtronic Hugo, Stryker/CMR Versius) promise modular designs and 5 mm instruments." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 51:12](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3072)
- "Hopkins demonstrated a fully autonomous robotic cholecystectomy in a pig cadaver model with no human input." — Marc Michalsky (epidemiological) [Ep 5 · 55:30](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3330)
- "Digital overlay systems integrating axial imaging (e.g., J&J–Google partnership) are in development to superimpose CT anatomy onto robotic view." — Marc Michalsky (clinical) [Ep 5 · 64:39](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=3879)
- "Robotic experience improves laparoscopic skills, particularly intracorporeal knot-tying." — Marc Michalsky (opinion) [Ep 5 · 44:29](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2669)
- "Starting with a familiar operation (e.g., sleeve gastrectomy) and double-scrubbing accelerates safe adoption." — Marc Michalsky (opinion) [Ep 5 · 37:03](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/dr-marc-michalsky-pediatric-robotic-assisted-surgery-developing-a-programmatic-paradigm-11169?t=2223)
- "Median arcuate ligament syndrome is characterized by epigastric pain, nausea, and vomiting" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 0:10](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=10)
- "Pain in MALS is usually worse after meals and eventually leads to anorexia and weight loss" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 0:18](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=18)
- "MALS is a diagnosis of exclusion" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 0:25](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=25)
- "MALS is hypothesized to be caused by compression of the celiac artery and celiac plexus by the median arcuate ligament" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 0:25](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=25)
- "The median arcuate ligament is a fibrous band at the intersection of the left and right diaphragmatic crura" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 0:25](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=25)
- "CTA, MRA, and conventional angiography are useful imaging modalities for identifying celiac compression in MALS diagnosis" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 0:39](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=39)
- "Dynamic flow changes in MALS can be evaluated by duplex ultrasound, with flow restriction worsening during expiration due to changes in diaphragm position" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 0:51](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=51)
- "The treatment for MALS is surgical release due to the presence of a mechanical constriction" (guideline) [Ep 1 · 1:02](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=62)
- "Robotic MALS surgery provides improved 3D visualization, flexibility and end or wrist motion for challenging angles, elimination of tremor, and scaling of motion for fine dissection in a limited space" (opinion) [Ep 1 · 1:08](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=68)
- "Dissection in robotic MALS surgery is approached through a window in the lesser omentum" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:27](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=87)
- "Early identification of the celiac trifurcation is a key step in MALS surgery" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:33](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=93)
- "Ganglionectomy is performed during dissection of fibrous bands and perivascular connective tissue in MALS surgery" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:41](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=101)
- "Dissection proceeds from distal to proximal towards the origin of the celiac axis" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:54](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=114)
- "Some cases require dissection of right crural fibers to reach the base of the median arcuate ligament" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 2:06](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=126)
- "The median arcuate ligament can be divided by standard hook electrocautery, bipolar energy devices, or vessel sealing devices" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 2:25](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=145)
- "Residual celiac trunk tortuosity may be present after initial median arcuate ligament release" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 2:54](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=174)
- "Dissection continues along the anterior wall of the aorta down to the preadventitial plane from caudal to cranial for around 4 centimeters" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 3:01](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=181)
- "Circumferential dissection down to the preadventitial plane must be accomplished around the origins of the left gastric artery, common hepatic artery, splenic artery, and celiac trunk" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 3:19](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=199)
- "Significant improvement in celiac trunk appearance is observed after complete circumferential dissection" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 3:59](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=239)
- "Median arcuate ligament release can be accomplished safely in the pediatric population with good results when following proper technique" (opinion) [Ep 1 · 4:08](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=248)
- "MALS surgery carries the risk of injury to important vessels" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 4:18](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=258)
- "Complications in robotic MALS surgery can be addressed minimally invasively due to the exposure and visualization provided by the approach" (opinion) [Ep 1 · 4:25](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=265)
- "An avulsion of a small aortic branch can be controlled with steady pressure via suction irrigator, temporized with a clip, and repaired with pledgeted sutures intracorporeally" (clinical) [Ep 1 · 4:35](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/robotic-assisted-release-of-the-median-arcuate-ligament-for-pediatric-mals-1290?t=275)
- "The study is a retrospective multi-center study done in China" — Cecilia Gigena (epidemiological) [Ep 2 · 0:10](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=10)
- "After propensity score matching, there were 126 patients total, 63 in each group" — Cecilia Gigena (epidemiological) [Ep 2 · 0:21](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=21)
- "Robotic surgery had longer operative time compared to thoracoscopic repair" — Cecilia Gigena (clinical) [Ep 2 · 0:28](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=28)
- "Robotic surgery had shorter anastomotic time compared to thoracoscopic repair" — Cecilia Gigena (clinical) [Ep 2 · 0:28](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=28)
- "The robotic group had lower anastomotic strictures compared to thoracoscopic repair" — Cecilia Gigena (clinical) [Ep 2 · 0:28](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=28)
- "The robotic group had lower unplanned readmissions within 2 years post-op compared to thoracoscopic repair" — Cecilia Gigena (clinical) [Ep 2 · 0:28](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=28)
- "Robotic surgery appears to be a good option for esophageal atresia repair" — Cecilia Gigena (opinion) [Ep 2 · 0:46](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/comparison-of-robotic-versus-thoracoscopic-repair-for-congenital-esophageal-atresia-7940?t=46)
- "Dr. Shilpa Sharma presented on exploring alternative pathways of stem cell perforation for hepatic regeneration by partial liver resection in extrahepatic biliary atresia" (clinical) [Ep 4 · 0:04](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=4)
- "Dr. Toshio Haromaz presented analysis of potential risk factors for defecation problems and their bowel management based on long-term bowel function in patients with persistent cloaca" (clinical) [Ep 4 · 0:20](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=20)
- "Dr. Dariusz Patkowski presented thoracoscopic approach for long gap esophageal atresia using internal traction technique with slipknots" — Rennie (clinical) [Ep 4 · 0:39](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=39)
- "Dr. Johanna Gerardo presented an epidemiological study of pediatric robotic surgery at their institution" — Rennie (epidemiological) [Ep 4 · 0:53](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=53)
- "Dr. Dariusz Patkowski was the predominant winner of the heat" — Todd (clinical) [Ep 4 · 1:30](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=90)
- "The thoracoscopic procedure for long gap esophageal atresia is beneficial to learn how to do" — Todd (opinion) [Ep 4 · 1:30](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=90)
- "A claim was made that resecting liver cuts mortality down by 50% in biliary atresia, but the judge expressed uncertainty about the data" — Todd (clinical) [Ep 4 · 1:49](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-1-winner-dariusz-patkowski-md-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8008?t=109)
- "The typical robotic surgery patient profile was female, adolescent age, weighing 37 kg, with median hospitalization of 2 days" — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 0:51](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=51)
- "Statistically significant variables were days of hospitalization, age, total surgery time, docking, and closure time" — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 0:59](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=59)
- "14 complications were recorded across the case series" — Johana Sosa Jurado (clinical) [Ep 3 · 1:10](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=70)
- "2 conversions to open surgery occurred" — Johana Sosa Jurado (clinical) [Ep 3 · 1:10](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=70)
- "2 deaths occurred in the series" — Johana Sosa Jurado (clinical) [Ep 3 · 1:10](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=70)
- "76 general surgery procedures and 29 neurological procedures were performed" — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:16](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=76)
- "Surgeon one performed 44.8% of procedures and surgeon two performed 55.2%" — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:22](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=82)
- "Total surgery time and console time showed positive asymmetry for both surgeons" — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:34](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=94)
- "Cholecystectomy was the most common procedure followed by pyeloplasty" — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:50](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=110)
- "Average total surgical time was 80 minutes, docking time 12 minutes, and console time 42 minutes" — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 1:55](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=115)
- "The robotic surgery program operated from 2021 to 2023" — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 2:51](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=171)
- "Two surgeons operated, with one focusing on colorectal and more difficult surgeries" — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 2:51](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=171)
- "Learning curve for colorectal surgery required more time to complete compared to cholecystectomy and pyeloplasty" — Johana Sosa Jurado (clinical) [Ep 3 · 3:08](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=188)
- "The time difference for colorectal surgery learning curve was very short compared to simpler procedures" — Johana Sosa Jurado (clinical) [Ep 3 · 3:30](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=210)
- "Robotic instruments are too large for neonatal cases" (clinical) [Ep 3 · 4:04](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=244)
- "Pyeloplasty is considered the most complicated robotic surgery in the program" — Johana Sosa Jurado (opinion) [Ep 3 · 4:47](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=287)
- "Pyeloplasty requires very detailed, slow movements and careful identification of structures" — Johana Sosa Jurado (clinical) [Ep 3 · 4:53](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=293)
- "One surgeon preferred urological procedures including pyeloplasty, while the other focused on colorectal procedures" — Johana Sosa Jurado (epidemiological) [Ep 3 · 5:13](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/johana-sosa-jurado-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8007?t=313)

## Changelog
- Aug 31: 10 doctors auto-found from episode dossiers
- Aug 30: 10 doctors auto-found from episode dossiers
- Aug 30: 10 doctors auto-found from episode dossiers
- Aug 30: Members-only episodes removed from this collection
- Aug 29: 10 doctors auto-found from episode dossiers
- Aug 29: 10 doctors auto-found from episode dossiers
- Aug 29: Collection generated from campaign corpus: 21 items, 15 dossiers, summaries for 4 audience(s)
- Aug 29: Collection reviewed and published
- Aug 29: Collection generated from campaign corpus: 15 items, 15 dossiers, summaries for 4 audience(s)

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Educational content from recorded physician discussions — not medical advice. Cite the canonical URL or the ?t= deep link. Policy: https://library.globalcastmd.com/ai