# Metastatic Osteosarcoma — GCMD Library living collection

Everything in the library about metastatic osteosarcoma — built automatically from dossiers that name it.

Updated: n/a · 3 episodes · 31 cited statements

## Episodes
### Surgical Management
- [LLL for metastatic Osteosacoma](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927) — video · 6:17 · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927.md)

### Evidence & Research
- [Bailey Roberts, MD - Best of the Best in Pediatric Surgery 2024](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011) — video · 8:39 · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011.md)
- [Heat 2 Winner: Matthew Urichuk, PhD - Best of the Best in Pediatric Surgery 2024](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-2-winner-matthew-urichuk-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8013) — video · 1:52 · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-2-winner-matthew-urichuk-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8013.md)

## Chapters
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=0) Introduction and presenter identification (Ep 1)
- [0:47](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=47) Osteosarcoma background and study rationale (Ep 1)
- [2:26](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=146) Experimental methods and cell line models (Ep 1)
- [3:42](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=222) Experimental results in K7M2 and K12 tumor models (Ep 1)
- [5:14](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=314) Conclusions and therapeutic implications (Ep 1)
- [5:53](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=353) Question and answer discussion (Ep 1)
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-2-winner-matthew-urichuk-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8013?t=0) Introduction of Heat 2 Presentations (Ep 2)
- [0:54](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-2-winner-matthew-urichuk-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8013?t=54) Live Voting (Ep 2)
- [1:27](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-2-winner-matthew-urichuk-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8013?t=87) Winner Announcement (Ep 2)
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=0) Patient presentation and room setup (Ep 3)
- [1:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=60) Fissure completion and pulmonary artery exposure (Ep 3)
- [3:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=180) Pulmonary artery isolation and division (Ep 3)
- [4:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=240) Inferior pulmonary ligament and vein dissection (Ep 3)
- [5:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=300) Vein division and bronchus stapling (Ep 3)
- [5:40](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=340) Specimen extraction and outcomes (Ep 3)

## Statements
Every statement is attributed, typed, and timestamped; the link is the citation.
- "Dr. Bailey Roberts from IPSO presented on extracellular vesicles for metastatic osteosarcoma contributing to the creation of pre-metastatic niche" — Cecilia (host_summary) [Ep 2 · 0:08](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-2-winner-matthew-urichuk-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8013?t=8)
- "Dr. Dominic Simons from IPSO presented on multimodal 3D visualization of pediatric neuroblastoma aiding surgical planning beyond anatomical information" — Cecilia (host_summary) [Ep 2 · 0:19](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-2-winner-matthew-urichuk-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8013?t=19)
- "Dr. Miyake from CAPS presented on using microinjection for drug delivery with nanoparticles in lung explants to study prenatal treatment of CDH" — Cecilia (host_summary) [Ep 2 · 0:31](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-2-winner-matthew-urichuk-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8013?t=31)
- "Dr. Urichuk from CAPS presented that individuals with thoracoabdominal congenital surgical anomalies are at increased risk of adverse mental health outcomes" — Cecilia (host_summary) [Ep 2 · 0:47](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-2-winner-matthew-urichuk-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8013?t=47)
- "Dr. Matthew Urichuk won Heat 2 of the Best of the Best in Pediatric Surgery 2024 competition" — Cecilia (host_summary) [Ep 2 · 1:27](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/heat-2-winner-matthew-urichuk-phd-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8013?t=87)
- "Osteosarcoma most commonly affects adolescents and young adults" — Bailey Roberts (epidemiological) [Ep 1 · 1:08](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=68)
- "Gross metastasis at the time of diagnosis is present about 20% of the time in osteosarcoma" — Bailey Roberts (epidemiological) [Ep 1 · 1:11](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=71)
- "The most common site of metastasis in osteosarcoma is in the lung" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:11](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=71)
- "Overall survival in osteosarcoma worsens from 80% to about 20% for metastatic disease" — Bailey Roberts (epidemiological) [Ep 1 · 1:19](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=79)
- "Recurrence is very common in osteosarcoma, and the most common site of recurrence is in the lungs" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:25](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=85)
- "Extracellular vesicles are carriers of amino acids, proteins, mRNA or other forms of cellular communication" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:38](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=98)
- "EV content is unique and specific to the cells that released it, and therefore can be traced back to the cell type" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:45](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=105)
- "EVs are involved in the metastatic cascade and implicated as potential markers for disease diagnosis and staging" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:52](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=112)
- "EVs have been shown to change fibroblasts, inhibit T cell activity, and are involved in establishing a pre-metastatic niche" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 1:59](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=119)
- "K12 is a spontaneous osteosarcoma with low metastatic capability" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 2:31](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=151)
- "K7M2 is a highly metastatic osteosarcoma derived from a spontaneous osteosarcoma that went through two reiterations of harvesting spontaneous lung metastases and reimplanting them into the mouse" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 2:35](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=155)
- "The K7M2 cell line is more aggressive and causes death at a much higher rate than K12" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 2:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=177)
- "Pre-education with K7M2 EVs drastically increases the metastatic burden in the lungs of mice with K7M2 tumors" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 3:59](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=239)
- "Pre-education with K7M2 EVs increased the overall mortality during the five-week study period in mice with K7M2 tumors" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 4:18](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=258)
- "K7M2 EV education led to increased metastatic burden in mice with K12 tumors" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 4:44](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=284)
- "Pre-education with highly metastatic cell line EVs increases the metastasis seen in a normally low metastatic tumor" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 5:01](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=301)
- "No mice with K12 tumors died in the study period" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 5:09](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=309)
- "Extracellular vesicles delivered prior to tumor implantation from highly metastatic K7M2 increase the metastatic burden of K7M2 tumors" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 5:14](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=314)
- "Increased metastatic burden from extracellular vesicles decreases overall survival" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 5:24](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=324)
- "Extracellular vesicles from highly metastatic K7M2 increase the metastatic burden of less metastatic K12 tumors" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 5:30](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=330)
- "All cells in the body release EVs, so we can't just generally target EVs and hope to decrease the establishment of a pre-metastatic niche" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 6:27](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=387)
- "IRF5 is a molecule being explored as a potential immunotherapy target in osteosarcoma EVs" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 6:48](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=408)
- "Surgically removing the primary tumor is the current standard of care for osteosarcoma" — Bailey Roberts (guideline) [Ep 1 · 7:10](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=430)
- "There are certain membrane EV markers, but they're shared by all types of EVs" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 7:31](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=451)
- "The differences in EVs by cell type have more to do with the contents inside of them than the targets on them, which makes them difficult to target as far as treatment" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 7:40](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=460)
- "Studies in dogs have shown ability to take serum of dogs with osteosarcoma and determine their likelihood of metastasis based on the EVs" — Bailey Roberts (clinical) [Ep 1 · 7:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/bailey-roberts-md-best-of-the-best-in-pediatric-surgery-2024-8011?t=477)
- "The patient was a 20-year-old who had previously been treated for osteosarcoma in the limb with a limb preservation and had been disease-free for 4 years when she developed shortness of breath and eventually hemoptysis." (host_summary) [Ep 3 · 0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=0)
- "CT scan showed a large mass in the left lower lobe." (host_summary) [Ep 3 · 0:30](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=30)
- "Three ports were used for the procedure initially 3 5-millimeter ports, with 1 port being increased to a 12 for the stapler." (host_summary) [Ep 3 · 0:40](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=40)
- "The 5 millimeter Trinity was the main instrument used for the entire procedure." (host_summary) [Ep 3 · 1:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=60)
- "The major fissure was relatively complete, however there was still lung tissue overlying the pulmonary artery." (host_summary) [Ep 3 · 1:10](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=70)
- "The 5 millimeter cool seal with its fine dissecting tips and dual action jaws allows for excellent dissection around delicate structures." (opinion) [Ep 3 · 1:25](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=85)
- "In smaller patients, the surgeon will often take the pulmonary artery vessel at the segmental level, using the cool seal to seal the vessel and safely divide it." (clinical) [Ep 3 · 2:30](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=150)
- "In a larger patient, it is often more efficient to find the pulmonary artery to the lower lobe as it crosses through the fissure, allowing the surgeon to get the main trunk above the bifurcation to the apical and basal segments and use a vascular stapler to safely take the vessel, saving time compared to dissecting into the lung to find the segmental vessels." (clinical) [Ep 3 · 2:50](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=170)
- "In many cases, the surgeon will take the bronchus next after the pulmonary artery as it presents itself before taking the inferior pulmonary vein." (clinical) [Ep 3 · 4:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=240)
- "In this case, because of the large tumor and the large amount of inflammation in this area, dissection of the bronchus was difficult, and the surgeon did not want to injure the vein in dissecting this out, so approached the inferior pulmonary ligament instead." (clinical) [Ep 3 · 4:15](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=255)
- "The inferior pulmonary vein was divided a good 1 centimeter away from the pericardium to allow for safe division." (host_summary) [Ep 3 · 5:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=300)
- "The entire procedure was done in 90 minutes through 2 5-millimeter and 1 12-millimeter trochar." (host_summary) [Ep 3 · 5:40](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=340)
- "The patient recovered well and was discharged on the second postoperative day." (host_summary) [Ep 3 · 5:55](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/lll-for-metastatic-osteosacoma-11927?t=355)

## Changelog
- Sep 25: 3 items added automatically

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