# Early Assessment and Management of Trauma — GCMD Library living collection

Updated: n/a · 9 episodes · 26 cited statements

## Episodes
### Tools

### Work-up and Treatment

### Updates
- [ATLS 2021 Pediatric Surgery Update](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549) — podcast · 16:05 · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549.md)
- [Update Course Rewind: Cervical Spine Clearance 2019](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-cervical-spine-clearance-2019-3990) — podcast · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-cervical-spine-clearance-2019-3990.md)
- [Update Course Rewind: TEG 2019](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-teg-2019-4010) — podcast · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/update-course-rewind-teg-2019-4010.md)
- [Guest Podcast from EAST Traumacast: Pediatric Trauma Society 2019](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/guest-podcast-from-east-traumacast-pediatric-trauma-society-2019-2280) — podcast · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/guest-podcast-from-east-traumacast-pediatric-trauma-society-2019-2280.md)
- [VTE PPX in High Risk Trauma Patients: 2018 Pediatric Surgery Practice Gap #7](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/vte-ppx-in-high-risk-trauma-patients-2018-pediatric-surgery-practice-gap-7-1452) — video · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/vte-ppx-in-high-risk-trauma-patients-2018-pediatric-surgery-practice-gap-7-1452.md)
- [JPS Journal Club: July 2019 Part 1](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577) — video · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577.md)
- [JPS Journal Club: July 2019 Part 2](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592) — video · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592.md)
- [JPS Journal Club: July 2019 Part 3](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606) — video · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606.md)
- [A novel streamlined trauma response team training improves imaging efficiency for pediatric blunt abdominal trauma patients](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/a-novel-streamlined-trauma-response-team-training-improves-imaging-efficiency-for-pediatric-blunt-abdominal-trauma-patients-1151) — article · [machine version](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/a-novel-streamlined-trauma-response-team-training-improves-imaging-efficiency-for-pediatric-blunt-abdominal-trauma-patients-1151.md)

## Chapters
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/vte-ppx-in-high-risk-trauma-patients-2018-pediatric-surgery-practice-gap-7-1452?t=0) VTE prophylaxis in low bleeding risk trauma patients (Ep 5)
- [0:34](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/vte-ppx-in-high-risk-trauma-patients-2018-pediatric-surgery-practice-gap-7-1452?t=34) VTE prophylaxis in high bleeding risk trauma patients (Ep 5)
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=0) Introduction to APSA firearm injury position statement (Ep 6)
- [0:24](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=24) Trauma system integration and public health framing (Ep 6)
- [1:12](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=72) Mental health access and universal background checks (Ep 6)
- [2:02](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=122) Research funding, assault weapon bans, and safe storage (Ep 6)
- [2:48](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=168) Age restrictions, physician counseling, and school preparedness (Ep 6)
- [3:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=237) Second victim syndrome and closing (Ep 6)
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592?t=0) Introduction to pediatric restraint discussion (Ep 7)
- [0:29](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592?t=29) Study findings on restraint status and injury severity (Ep 7)
- [2:35](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592?t=155) Closing remarks (Ep 7)
- [0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=0) Introduction and Context (Ep 8)
- [0:18](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=18) APSA Position Statement Recommendations 1-8 (Ep 8)
- [3:45](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=225) Abusive Head Trauma Recognition and Conclusion (Ep 8)
- [0:08](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=8) Introduction and Case Presentation Format (Ep 1)
- [1:34](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=94) Airway and Breathing Assessment in Pediatric Trauma (Ep 1)
- [4:42](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=282) Surgical Airway Techniques (Ep 1)
- [7:46](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=466) Circulation and Shock Management (Ep 1)
- [11:56](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=716) Neurological Assessment and Imaging Guidelines (Ep 1)

## Statements
Every statement is attributed, typed, and timestamped; the link is the citation.
- The priorities when evaluating a small child with multi-system trauma are the same as for an adult patient: airway, breathing, circulation — Rich Falcone (clinical) [Ep 1 · 2:44](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=164)
- Pediatric patients have more pliable chests so the ribs don't necessarily break, but they can have a lot of pulmonary contusions and other injuries — Rich Falcone (clinical) [Ep 1 · 3:58](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=238)
- Pediatric patients are more susceptible to tension pneumothorax because their mediastinum is more mobile and will shift more easily in response to that tension — Rich Falcone (clinical) [Ep 1 · 4:20](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=260)
- For pediatric airway management, start with simple maneuvers like a jaw thrust because children have big tongues and big heads — Rich Falcone (clinical) [Ep 1 · 5:06](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=306)
- When children are laid on a backboard, their large occiput causes head flexion which can obstruct the airway; pediatric backboards have a cutout for the head or a bump to keep the torso higher and maintain ear in line with shoulder — Rich Falcone (clinical) [Ep 1 · 5:06](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=306)
- Needle cricothyroidotomy is recommended for children under 10 years old, while surgical cricothyroidotomy is for children over 10, according to ATLS guidelines — Rich Falcone (guideline) [Ep 1 · 6:13](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=373)
- Pediatric blood volume is calculated as weight in kilos times 80 mLs — Rich Falcone (clinical) [Ep 1 · 10:15](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=615)
- A 12 kg child's entire blood volume is about a liter, and a 25 kg child has about 2 liters — Rich Falcone (clinical) [Ep 1 · 10:15](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=615)
- Massive transfusion protocols have been proven to help, with more data in the adult world but also data in pediatrics — Todd Ponsky (clinical) [Ep 1 · 10:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=657)
- Once blood transfusion starts, it is advisable to keep track of TEG (thromboelastography) if the institution has it readily available — Todd Ponsky (opinion) [Ep 1 · 11:28](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=688)
- Glasgow Coma Scale can be performed in a nonverbal child; if they cannot talk normally, they do not lose points for the verbal component — Rich Falcone (clinical) [Ep 1 · 12:09](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=729)
- For verbal GCS scoring in nonverbal children: if they babble and say nonsense normally, they get full score; if irritable and crying, they get a 4; if just moaning, a 2; if doing nothing, that is most concerning — Rich Falcone (clinical) [Ep 1 · 12:09](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=729)
- A child who does not respond to IV stick or IO placement, or a child who is crying a lot and then suddenly stops crying, is most concerning from a neurostatus perspective in the trauma bay — Rich Falcone (opinion) [Ep 1 · 12:09](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=729)
- Kids have more diffuse brain injuries in general than the adult population — Rich Falcone (clinical) [Ep 1 · 12:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=777)
- Child abuse is the most common cause of severe head injury in kids less than 2 years old — Rich Falcone (epidemiological) [Ep 1 · 12:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=777)
- Kids are more at risk for head injury because of big heads, soft skulls, and they often fall on their head — Rich Falcone (clinical) [Ep 1 · 12:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=777)
- Children should use booster seats or car seats until they are adult-sized. — Rae Hanke (guideline) [Ep 7 · 1:50](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592?t=110)
- Placing the shoulder strap behind the head is a very common misuse pattern of seat belts in children. — Rae Hanke (clinical) [Ep 7 · 1:58](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592?t=118)
- When the shoulder strap rubs against a child's neck, they are at risk for head and neck injuries. — Rae Hanke (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:15](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592?t=135)
- New automotive technologies can detect child weight and display which seats have unfastened seat belts to alert drivers. — Rae Hanke (clinical) [Ep 7 · 2:32](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592?t=152)
- Standardization eliminates chance of errors in child abuse evaluation (opinion) [Ep 8 · 1:31](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=91)
- Providers are terrible at predicting when there was child abuse when relying on subjective judgment (clinical) [Ep 8 · 2:36](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=156)
- Institutional protocols should mandate automatic child abuse workup for sentinel injuries such as head injury in anyone under six months of age, removing opinion and emotion from the decision (opinion) [Ep 8 · 2:55](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=175)
- Some states have no age restriction for some types of guns. — Alex Gassar (epidemiological) [Ep 6 · 2:48](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=168)
- The issue of physician rights to ask about firearms in the home was battled at the Supreme Court level. — Alex Gibbons (epidemiological) [Ep 6 · 3:14](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=194)
- Second victim syndrome can affect survivors of gun violence, witnesses at the scene, and healthcare providers, potentially causing PTSD. — Alex Gassar (clinical) [Ep 6 · 3:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=237)

## Host summaries
Recaps by a host of what the experts said — not the host's own clinical position.
- Trauma and trauma-related injuries are still the number one killer of pediatric patients — Rod Gerardo summarizes what Dr. Rich Falcone said [Ep 1 · 0:08](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=8)
- Rich Falcone is a pediatric surgeon and the director of trauma services at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center — Rich Falcone summarizing a resource [Ep 1 · 0:40](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=40)
- MIST stands for mechanism of injury, injuries identified, Signs and symptoms, and Treatments — Ellen Encisco summarizes what Dr. Rich Falcone said [Ep 1 · 1:40](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=100)
- A cricothyroidotomy is not a definitive airway but buys time to get to the OR to do a formal tracheostomy — Rod Gerardo summarizes what Dr. Rich Falcone said [Ep 1 · 6:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=417)
- For needle cricothyroidotomy, a 10 mL syringe with IV catheter can be used and connects to the Ambu bag — Ellen Encisco summarizes what Dr. Rich Falcone said [Ep 1 · 7:04](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=424)
- When peripheral IV access cannot be obtained, the next step is intraosseous (IO) access — Rod Gerardo summarizes what Dr. Rich Falcone said [Ep 1 · 8:14](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=494)
- An IO can be placed in the tibia, the humeral head, or in the distal femur — Ellen Encisco summarizes what Dr. Rich Falcone said [Ep 1 · 8:28](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=508)
- The new ATLS guideline is to give one 20 cc/kg bolus of crystalloid, and if there is transient or no response, go right to blood (10 cc/kg) as the next step — Ellen Encisco summarizes what Dr. Rich Falcone said [Ep 1 · 8:54](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=534)
- For a child to start showing signs of hemorrhagic shock, they would have to lose about 50% of their total blood volume — Ellen Encisco summarizes what Dr. Rich Falcone said [Ep 1 · 10:07](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=607)
- Over 75% of pediatric trauma deaths are due to head injuries — Rod Gerardo summarizes what Dr. Rich Falcone said [Ep 1 · 11:56](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=716)
- There are validated clinical decision rules for when not to obtain head CT in pediatric trauma patients, with different criteria for children less than 2 years versus older than 2 years — Rod Gerardo summarizes what Dr. Rich Falcone said [Ep 1 · 13:27](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=807)
- For blunt abdominal trauma, a multi-institutional algorithm identifies patients at very low risk (0.6%) of intraabdominal injury if they answer no to: abdominal pain, abdominal wall trauma/tenderness/distension, abnormal chest X-ray, AST greater than 200, or abnormal pancreatic enzymes — Rod Gerardo summarizes what Dr. Rich Falcone said [Ep 1 · 13:27](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=807)
- Approximately 35% of blunt abdominal trauma patients meet low-risk criteria (all negative findings), and 0.0% of those required intraabdominal injury intervention — Rod Gerardo summarizes what Dr. Rich Falcone said [Ep 1 · 13:27](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/atls-2021-pediatric-surgery-update-4549?t=807)
- Finley et al. out of Rutgers examined injury severity scores for pediatric patients who were either restrained or unrestrained/improperly restrained in motor vehicle collisions. — Rae Hanke summarizing a resource [Ep 7 · 0:29](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592?t=29)
- Patients who were not restrained or restrained improperly had significantly increased injury severity scores compared to properly restrained patients. — Rae Hanke summarizing a resource [Ep 7 · 1:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592?t=60)
- The highest percentage of improperly restrained children was in the 0-7 years age group. — Rae Hanke summarizing a resource [Ep 7 · 1:15](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592?t=75)
- About half of improperly restrained children aged 0-7 years were wearing only a seat belt without appropriate booster or car seats. — Rae Hanke summarizing a resource [Ep 7 · 1:40](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592?t=100)
- Head and neck injuries were the number one injury pattern in improperly restrained children involved in motor vehicle collisions. — Rae Hanke summarizing a resource [Ep 7 · 2:25](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-2-1592?t=145)
- APSA position statement number one: child abuse equals traumatic disease and justifies the resource utilization of a trauma system — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 0:18](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=18)
- APSA supports admission to a surgical trauma service to ensure coordination of care for child abuse patients — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 0:40](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=40)
- APSA supports a multi-disciplinary team for screening, evaluation and management of child abuse patients — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 1:04](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=64)
- APSA recommends creation of a child abuse team as established by the American College of Surgeons and the children surgery verification program — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 1:04](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=64)
- APSA recommends systematic evaluation including checklists and institutional protocols to be followed every time — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 1:31](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=91)
- Any reasonable suspicion of child abuse should be followed by a report to CPS as mandated by law — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 1:53](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=113)
- Transfer to another facility does not absolve the provider of mandatory reporting responsibility for suspected child abuse — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 1:53](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=113)
- APSA emphasizes universal screening with standardized tools applied across the board regardless of socio economic status, race, ethnicity, or gender — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 2:16](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=136)
- Institutional protocols include recognizing sentinel injuries and educating providers at all levels to identify risk factors — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 3:21](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=201)
- APSA recommends data collection using a trauma registry and reporting to national trauma databases for benchmarking and quality improvements — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 3:21](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=201)
- APSA recognizes the existence of abusive head trauma as a recognized form of child physical abuse — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 3:45](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=225)
- Abusive head trauma causes permanent and significant brain damage and neurodevelopmental issues — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 4:10](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=250)
- The term 'shaken baby syndrome' is no longer used for abusive head trauma — The host summarizing a resource [Ep 8 · 4:10](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-3-1606?t=250)
- APSA position statement recommends that firearm injury is trauma and should be evaluated by the trauma system, with injury prevention considered part of that trauma system. — Alex Gibbons summarizing a resource [Ep 6 · 0:24](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=24)
- APSA position statement frames firearm injuries as a public health issue rather than a political issue, describing it as an epidemic. — Alex Gassar summarizes what Dr. Alex Gibbons said [Ep 6 · 0:45](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=45)
- APSA recommends better access to mental health services for both children and adults in the context of firearm injury prevention. — Alex Gibbons summarizing a resource [Ep 6 · 1:12](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=72)
- APSA supports universal background checks for all firearm sales, including those from private dealers at gun shows. — Alex Gassar summarizes what Dr. Alex Gibbons said [Ep 6 · 1:32](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=92)
- The belief underlying APSA's background check recommendation is that background checks would decrease the number of childhood injuries related to guns. — Alex Gibbons summarizing a resource [Ep 6 · 1:42](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=102)
- APSA opposes barriers to firearm research from the CDC, referencing the Dickey Amendment. — Alex Gassar summarizes what Dr. Alex Gibbons said [Ep 6 · 2:02](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=122)
- APSA supports banning of assault weapons and high capacity magazines. — Alex Gibbons summarizing a resource [Ep 6 · 2:21](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=141)
- APSA strongly supports the use of child access prevention laws and safe storage of guns to prevent access to firearms by children. — Alex Gibbons summarizing a resource [Ep 6 · 2:21](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=141)
- APSA supports a minimum age to purchase firearms of 21 years instead of 18 or no age restriction. — Alex Gassar summarizes what Dr. Alex Gibbons said [Ep 6 · 2:48](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=168)
- APSA opposes in the strongest possible terms any restriction of physicians to talk about firearms with their patients. — Alex Gassar summarizes what Dr. Alex Gibbons said [Ep 6 · 2:48](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=168)
- APSA supports readiness for school shooter situations, ensuring schools are prepared. — Alex Gibbons summarizing a resource [Ep 6 · 3:14](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=194)
- APSA opposes arming teachers. — Alex Gassar summarizes what Dr. Alex Gibbons said [Ep 6 · 3:35](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=215)
- APSA encourages Stop the Bleed training for all civilians, similar to training for Heimlich maneuvers and CPR, because it can save lives. — Alex Gassar summarizes what Dr. Alex Gibbons said [Ep 6 · 3:35](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=215)
- APSA supports research in second victim syndrome for both survivors and healthcare providers in firearm injury situations. — Alex Gibbons summarizing a resource [Ep 6 · 3:57](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/jps-journal-club-july-2019-part-1-1577?t=237)
- For low bleeding risk trauma patients, the recommendation is to use SCDs and low molecular weight heparin for VTE prophylaxis. — Alex summarizing the discussion [Ep 5 · 0:00](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/vte-ppx-in-high-risk-trauma-patients-2018-pediatric-surgery-practice-gap-7-1452?t=0)
- For high bleeding risk trauma patients, the recommendation is to use SCDs until the patient is ambulatory, followed by a screening ultrasound on ICU day seven. — Alex summarizing the discussion [Ep 5 · 0:34](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/vte-ppx-in-high-risk-trauma-patients-2018-pediatric-surgery-practice-gap-7-1452?t=34)
- In high bleeding risk trauma patients, low molecular weight heparin is withheld from the VTE prophylaxis regimen. — Alex summarizing the discussion [Ep 5 · 0:34](https://library.globalcastmd.com/watch/vte-ppx-in-high-risk-trauma-patients-2018-pediatric-surgery-practice-gap-7-1452?t=34)

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