Genetic predisposition to cancer: surveillance and intervention
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In brief
In brief
This review examines genetic cancer predisposition syndromes in pediatric and adolescent populations, emphasizing the role of genetic counseling, surveillance imaging, and surgical intervention in cancer prevention and early detection. The authors present evidence-based approaches to managing patients with hereditary cancer risk, aiming to improve survival through proactive identification and treatment strategies.
Written by the GCMD Library team from the article.
Publication date: Available online 20 November 2019
Source: Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
Author(s): Melissa Perrino, Jo Cooke-Barber, Roshni Dasgupta, James I. Geller
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of early mortality for children and adolescents. Identifiable genetic cancer predisposition conditions account for a growing proportion of pediatric and adolescent cancer, likely due to increasing knowledge about various predisposition conditions, more widespread cancer genetic counseling, and available diagnostics. Greater awareness, data-driven surgical intervention and clinical surveillance can help facilitate cancer prevention and early detection at cancer stages more amenable to cure. An extensive literature review of published studies and expert opinion with consensus guidelines are reviewed. Specific syndromes where genetics, imaging and surgical intervention are utilized to benefit affected patients and families are presented. In many tumor predisposition syndromes, the underlying genetic diagnosis is made concurrently, or after, malignancy is identified. Improved recognition of underlying predispositions, along with appropriate surgical interventions and imaging surveillance should lead to increased patient survival.