Cholestasis after Kasai operation predicts portal hypertension in native liver survivors of biliary atresia: a multicenter study
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In brief
In brief
Multicenter study of 320 biliary atresia patients found that 37.8% developed portal hypertension 5 years post-Kasai operation. Persistent cholestasis at 12 months (bilirubin >38 µmol/L) strongly predicts portal hypertension risk, with early surgery (<41 days) offering protective benefit for native liver survivors.
- Early Kasai portoenterostomy (before day 41 of life) significantly reduces portal hypertension risk in biliary atresia survivors.
- Persistent cholestasis at 12 months post-Kasai strongly predicts portal hypertension development (OR=12.9).
- Bilirubin >38 µmol/L at 12 months post-Kasai identifies high-risk patients needing intensified surveillance (78% sensitivity).
- 37.8% of transplant-free biliary atresia patients develop portal hypertension by 5 years after Kasai operation.
- Patients with persistent jaundice one year post-Kasai require more vigilant long-term monitoring for portal hypertension complications.
Written by the GCMD Library team from the article.
Abstract
Purpose
This study evaluated portal hypertension (PHT) and its predictors among native liver survivors (NLS) of biliary atresia (BA) after Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE).
Methods
This was a multicenter study using prospectively collected data. The subjects were patients who remained transplant-free for 5 years after KPE. Their status of PHT was evaluated and variables that predicted PHT were determined by regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.
Results
Six centers from East Asia participated in this study and 320 subjects with KPE between 1980 to 2018 were analyzed. The mean follow-up period was 10.6 ± 6.2 years. At the 5th year after KPE, PHT was found in 37.8% of the subjects (n = 121). Patients with KPE done before day 41 of life had the lowest percentage of PHT compared to operation at older age. At 12 months after KPE, PHT + ve subjects had a higher bilirubin level (27.1 ± 11.7 vs 12.3 ± 7.9 µmol/L, p = 0.000) and persistent jaundice conferred a higher risk for PHT (OR = 12.9 [9.2–15.4], p = 0.000). ROC analysis demonstrated that a bilirubin level above 38 µmol/L at 12 months after KPE predicted PHT development (sensitivity: 78%, specificity: 60%, AUROC: 0.75).
Conclusions
In BA, early KPE protects against the development of PHT among NLSs. Patients with persistent cholestasis at one year after KPE are at a higher risk of this complication. They should receive a more vigilant follow-up.
Level of evidence
Level III