Risk Factors for Dehiscence of Operative Incisions in Newborns after Laparotomy

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Background Surgical wound dehiscence (SWD) in neonates is a life-threatening complication. The aim was to define risk factors of postoperative incision dehiscence in this population. Methods Data of 144 patients from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed retrospectively. All full-term newborns or preterm newborns up to 42 weeks of amenorrhea (adjusted) who had a laparotomy within 30 days were included. Descriptive patient information and perioperative data were collected. SWD was defined as any separation of cutaneous edges of postoperative wounds. Results Overall, SWD occurred in 16/144 (11%) patients, with a significantly increased incidence in preterm newborns (13/59, 22%) compared with full-term newborns (3/85, 4%; p

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Article · Oct 2023 · 1 min read

In brief

This retrospective study of 144 neonates identifies preterm birth as a significant risk factor for surgical wound dehiscence following laparotomy, with a 22% incidence in preterm versus 4% in full-term newborns. The research provides critical data for risk stratification and perioperative planning in this vulnerable population.

Surgical wound dehiscence occurs in 11% of neonates after laparotomy, with preterm infants at 5× higher risk than term infants (22% vs 4%).
Prematurity is the most significant risk factor for postoperative wound dehiscence in the neonatal population undergoing abdominal surgery.
Neonatal wound dehiscence is a life-threatening complication requiring heightened surveillance, especially in preterm infants under 42 weeks adjusted age.
Incidence data supports tailored wound closure techniques and postoperative monitoring protocols based on gestational age at surgery.

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