The use of rotational fluoroscopy and 3-D reconstruction in the diagnosis and surgical planning for complex cloacal malformations

This study evaluates 3-D rotational fluoroscopy for preoperative assessment of cloacal malformations in 16 pediatric patients. The imaging protocol successfully identified urologic, gynecologic, and colorectal anatomy, enabling precise surgical planning for complex reconstructions including common channel length measurement and determination of surgical approach.